Molecular Identification of Birds Performance of Distance-Based DNA Barcoding in Three Genes to Delimit Parapatric Species 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Molecular Identification of Birds Performance of Distance-Based DNA Barcoding in Three Genes to Delimit Parapatric Species 英文参考文献.doc

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Molecular Identification of Birds Performance of Distance-Based DNA Barcoding in Three Genes to Delimit Parapatric Species 英文参考文献

MolecularIdentificationofBirds:Performanceof Distance-BasedDNABarcodinginThreeGenestoDelimit ParapatricSpecies MansourAliabadian1,2*,MohammadKaboli3,VincentNijman4,MiguelVences5 1InstituteforBiodiversityandEcosystemDynamicsandZoologicalMuseum,UniversityofAmsterdam,Amsterdam,TheNetherlands,2DepartmentofBiology,Facultyof Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran, 3Department of Fishery and Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran, 4SchoolofSocialSciencesandLaw,OxfordBrookesUniversity,Oxford,UnitedKingdom,5DivisionofEvolutionaryBiology,ZoologicalInstitute,TechnicalUniversityof Braunschweig,Braunschweig,Germany Abstract Background: DNA barcoding based on the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene (cox1 or COI) has been successfulinspeciesidentificationacrossawidearrayoftaxabutinsomecasesfailedtodelimitthespeciesboundariesof closelyalliedallopatricspeciesorofhybridisingsisterspecies. Methodology/PrincipalFindings:Inthisstudyweextendthesamplesizeofpriorstudiesinbirdsforcox1(2776sequences, 756 species) and target especially species that are known to occur parapatrically, and/or are known to hybridise, on a Holarcticscale.Inordertoobtainalargersetoftaxa(altogether2719species),weincludealsoDNAsequencesoftwoother mitochondrialgenes:cytochromeb(cob)(4614sequences,2087species)and16S(708sequences,498species).Ourresults confirmtheexistenceofawidegapbetweenintra-andinterspeciesdivergencesforbothcox1andcob,andindicatethat distance-basedDNAbarcodingprovidessufficientinformationtoidentifyanddelineatebirdspeciesin98%ofallpossible pairwisecomparisons.ThisDNAbarcodinggapwasnotstatisticallyinfluencedbythenumberofindividualssequencedper species. However, most of the hybridising parapatric species pairs have average divergences intermediate between intraspecificandinterspecificdistancesforbothcox1andcob. Conclusions/Significance: DNA barcoding, if used as a tool for species discovery, would thus fail to identify hybridising para