非限定动词精要.ppt

2. 在有些情况下，不定式可省略to 1)在rather than, sooner than, had better与other than等之后用不带to的不定式，如： I decided to write rather than telephone. No one could do other than admire it. 2)在can not help/choose but(不得不，禁不住）与do nothing but后面的不定式不带to, 如： I can not help but realize that something was wrong. They could do nothing but wait for the doctor to arrive. 3)当介词but, besides, except, save的前面是实义动词do时，后面的不定式不带to, 如： What do you like to do besides climb the mountain? What had she done for her father save leave him at first opportunity? 4)不定式符号to与介词to的辨别问题 ①动词＋介词to adhere to(坚持), admit to(承认,供认), attend to(注意,照顾),cling to, correspond to(相当于,等于), confess to(承认,供认), consent to(同意,答应,应允), react to(反应), submit to(顺从,屈服), succeed to(继承), take to(从事,耽于), yield to(让步,屈服) ②动词+ed分词+介词to be accustomed to, be abbreviated to(缩写为), be reduced to(落到，使变小), be resigned to(听任), be reconciled to(甘心于，顺从), be devoted to, be given to(喜欢,癖好), be used to, be adapted to, be confined to, be indebted to, be opposed to, ③动词+副词小品词+介词to get round to(找到时间做某事), get down to(开始认真做某事 ), get near to(几乎，接近于 ), face up to(勇敢地面对), feel up to (有条件／适合做某事 ), be up to(胜任于 ) ④形容词+介词to adjacent to(毗连 ), averse to(嫌恶), equal to(有力量，能力等), preferable to(较合人意 ), tantamount to(相当于), superior to, similar to, be equivalent to(等于) ⑤名词＋介词to obstacle to(障碍), indifference to(不关心), key/answer to, hindrance to(阻碍), in contrast to, ⑥以介词to结尾的复杂介词 as to(关于), preliminary to(在…以前), preparatory to(为…准备), prior to(在…以前), with a view to(为…目的), with an eye to(为…起见，意在 ), in/with regard/respect to(关于)， 第三讲 非限定动词 一、考点分布 从1992-2013, 共有37道题涉及非限定动词,平均每年3题. 37道题中有近二分之一是侧重非限定动词作状语的比较,其次为非限定动词作宾语的比较.具体为: 类别 功能 不定式 动名词 分词 总计 主语 3 3 宾语 3 8 11 (表)补语 4 2 6 状语 1 14 15 定语 2 2 总计 8 11 18 37 非限定动词92-13年考点统计: 二、 非限定动词作主语 一) 作主语的非限定动词用法比较: 不定式作主语—重结果, 着重具体的或一次性的动作 动名词作主语—重进程, 多指一般或抽象的多次行为 Playing with fire is dangerous. (泛指玩火这一抽象行为）玩火危险。 To play with fire