Neglected Tropical Diseases as Hidden Causes of Cardiovascular Disease 英文参考文献.docVIP

Editorial NeglectedTropicalDiseasesasHiddenCausesof CardiovascularDisease YasminMoolani1¤,GeneBukhman2,PeterJ.Hotez3* 1GeorgeWashingtonUniversitySchoolofMedicineandHealthSciences,Washington,DistrictofColumbia,UnitedStatesofAmerica,2HarvardMedicalSchool,Boston, Massachusetts,UnitedStatesofAmerica,3SabinVaccineInstituteandTexasChildren’sCenterforVaccineDevelopment,DepartmentofPediatrics(SectionofPediatric TropicalMedicine)andMolecularVirologyMicrobiology,NationalSchoolofTropicalMedicine,BaylorCollegeofMedicine,Houston,Texas,UnitedStatesofAmerica An important component of the burden of cardiovasculardiseaseinlow-andmiddle-income countriesmaybeattributedtotheneglectedtropical diseases. factors apart from the lifestyle changes linkedtoCNCDsinhigh-incomecountries [7]. Specifically with respect to neglected populations, an important component of cardiovasculardiseasemaybeattributable to neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) and other infections of poverty. For example, the Heart of Soweto Study from South Africa identified rheumatic heart disease, tuberculosis, and HIV as significant con- tributors to heart disease and more com- monthancoronaryarterydisease.Evenin theurbanizedregionofSowetowherethere isahighprevalenceofvascularriskfactors, non-ischemic etiologies are still the domi- nantcauseofheartfailure[8,9]. infections may account for a significant componentofeachofthesecardiovascular diseasecategories(Table1). There is a growing awareness of the importanceofchronicnon-communicable diseases(CNCDs)intheworld’slow-and middle-income countries (LMICs). Begin- ning in the 1990s, Murray and Lopez predictedadoublingofdeathratesdueto cardiovasculardiseaseindevelopingcoun- tries by 2020 [1], while a substantial rise was also predicted by Leeder et al. [2]. Based on World Health Organization (WHO) predictions, 75% of the burden of cardiovascular disease is found in LMICs [3]. Alarming increases have also been noted for other CNCDs in LMICs including cancer, chronic respiratory