Pentamidine Dosage A BaseSalt Confusion 英文参考文献.docVIP

Pentamidine Dosage A BaseSalt Confusion 英文参考文献.doc

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Pentamidine Dosage A BaseSalt Confusion 英文参考文献

PolicyPlatform PentamidineDosage:ABase/SaltConfusion ThomasP.C.Dorlo*,PietA.Kager CenterforInfectionandImmunityAmsterdam(CINIMA),DivisionofInfectiousDiseases,TropicalMedicineandAIDS,AcademicMedicalCenter,UniversityofAmsterdam, Amsterdam,TheNetherlands In the past, two galenic formulations, both lyophilized salts of pentamidine (see Box 1), were available, one the 2-hydro- xyethanesulfonic acid salt, called pentam- idineisethionate(PentacarinatorPentam), the other the methanesulfonic acid salt, called pentamidine methanesulfonate or mesylate (Lomidine). These two prepara- tions were used interchangeably, depend- ing on local availability and preference, until the early 1990s when production of In 1969 and 1979, the two different preparations are mentioned and it is indicated that the salts have to be back- calculated to the appropriate base-moiety suchthat3–4mgofbase/kgbodyweight will be given [2,3]. In 1986, confusion arose once more: again the two salts are mentioned, and it is indicated that 4mg base/kg is to be administered, but the advised dose in millilitres per injection is based on the labelling of the different preparations and thus for pentamidine Abstract: Pentamidine has along history in the treatment of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) and leishmaniasis. Early guidelines on the dosage of pentamidine were based on the base-moiety of the two different formulations avail- able. Confusion on the dosage of pentamidinearosefromadifferent labellingofthetwoavailableprod- ucts, either based on the salt or base moiety available in the prep- aration.Weprovideanoverviewof the various guidelines concerning HAT and leishmaniasis over the past decadesandshowtheconfu- sion in the calculation of the dosage of pentamidine in these guidelines and the subsequent published reports on clinical trials andreviews.Atpresent,onlypent- amidine isethionate is available, but the advised dosage for HAT and leishmaniasis is (historically) based on the amount of pentami- dine

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