Pediatric endurance and limb strengthening for children with cerebral palsy (PEDALS) – a randomized controlled trial protocol for a stationary cycling intervention 英文参考文献.docVIP

BMC Pediatrics BioMedCentral Study protocol Open Access Pediatric endurance and limb strengthening for children with cerebral palsy (PEDALS) – a randomized controlled trial protocol for a stationary cycling intervention Eileen G Fowler*1, Loretta M Knutson2, Sharon K DeMuth3, Mia Sugi1, Kara Siebert1, Victoria Simms2, Stanley P Azen4 and Carolee J Winstein3 Address: 1Department of Orthopedics, UCLA/Orthopaedic Hospital Center for Cerebral Palsy, Los Angeles, CA, USA, 2Department of Physical Therapy, Missouri State University, Springfield, MO, USA, 3Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA and 4Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA Email: Eileen G Fowler* - efowler@; Loretta M Knutson - lorettaknutson@; Sharon K DeMuth - demuth@; Mia Sugi - luv4bruins@; Kara Siebert - karasiebert1@; Victoria Simms - victoria.simms@; Stanley P Azen - sazen@; Carolee J Winstein - winstein@ * Corresponding author Published: 21 March 2007 Received: 7 February 2007 Accepted: 21 March 2007 BMC Pediatrics 2007, 7:14 doi:10.1186/1471-2431-7-14 This article is available from: /1471-2431/7/14 ? 2007 Fowler et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Background: In the past, effortful exercises were considered inappropriate for children with spastic cerebral palsy (CP) due to concern that they would escalate abnormalities including spasticity and abnormal movement patterns. Current scientific evidence indicates that these concerns were unfounded and that therapeutic interventions focused on muscle strengthening can lead to improved functional ability. However,