Perinatal Flavour Learning and Adaptation to Being Weaned All the Pig Needs Is Smell 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Perinatal Flavour Learning and Adaptation to Being Weaned All the Pig Needs Is Smell 英文参考文献.doc

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Perinatal Flavour Learning and Adaptation to Being Weaned All the Pig Needs Is Smell 英文参考文献

PerinatalFlavourLearningandAdaptationtoBeing Weaned:AllthePigNeedsIsSmell MarijeOostindjer*,J.ElizabethBolhuis,KristinaSimon,HenryvandenBrand,BasKemp AdaptationPhysiologyGroup,WageningenInstituteofAnimalSciences,WageningenUniversity,Wageningen,TheNetherlands Abstract Perinatalflavourlearningthroughthematernaldietisknowntoenhanceflavourpreferenceandacceptanceofflavoured food in many species, yet still little is known about the mechanism underlying perinatal flavour learning. Previously we foundpositiveeffectsofperinatalflavourlearningonfoodintake,growthandbehaviourofpigletspostweaning,butno increasedpreferencefortheflavour.Thissuggeststhatflavourlearninginpigsworksthroughareductionofweaningstress bythepresenceofthefamiliarflavourinstead.Theaimofthisstudywastoinvestigatewhetherperinatalflavourlearning reducesstressatweaning,andwhethertheeffectisstrongerwhenthefamiliarflavourispresentinthefood.Sowswere offeredananethol-flavoureddiet(Flavourtreatment)orcontroldiet(Controltreatment)duringlategestationandlactation. FlavourandControlpigletswereprovidedwithanetholeitherintheirfood(Foodtreatment)orintheair(Airtreatment) afterweaning.Preweaningandpostweaningtreatmentsdidnotaffectfoodintake,preferenceorgrowthinthefirsttwo weekspostweaningbutflavourtreatmentreducedthelatencytoeat(24versus35hours,P=0.02)andwithin-penvariation in growth (SD within-pen: 0.7 versus 1.2kg, P,0.001). Salivary cortisol levels tended to be lower four and seven hours postweaning for Flavour piglets compared to Control piglets (4hours: 2.5 versus 3.0ng/ml, P=0.05, 7hours: 3.1 versus 3.4ng/ml,P=0.08).FlavourpigletsplayedmoreandshowedlessdamagingbehavioursthanControlpiglets,indicatingthat the familiar flavour reduced stress around weaning. Few interaction effects were found between preweaning and postweaningtreatment,andnoeffectsofpostweaningtreatment.Weconcludethatinthenewlyweanedpig,perinatal flavourlearningresultsinareductionofstresswhenthefamiliarflavourispresent,regardlessofprovidingtheflavourinthe