Pharmacodynamics of Antimicrobials against Mycoplasma mycoides mycoides Small Colony, the Causative Agent of Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Pharmacodynamics of Antimicrobials against Mycoplasma mycoides mycoides Small Colony, the Causative Agent of Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia 英文参考文献.doc

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Pharmacodynamics of Antimicrobials against Mycoplasma mycoides mycoides Small Colony, the Causative Agent of Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia 英文参考文献

PharmacodynamicsofAntimicrobialsagainst MycoplasmamycoidesmycoidesSmallColony,the CausativeAgentofContagiousBovinePleuropneumonia JohnD.Mitchell1*,QuintinA.McKellar2,DeclanJ.McKeever1 1RoyalVeterinaryCollege,Hatfield,Hertfordshire,UnitedKingdom,2UniversityofHertfordshire,Hatfield,Hertfordshire,UnitedKingdom Abstract Background: Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies mycoides Small Colony (MmmSC) is the causative agent of Contagious BovinePleuropneumonia(CBPP),adiseaseofsubstantialeconomicimportanceinsub-SaharanAfrica.Failureofvaccination tocurtail spread of this disease has ledto calls for evaluation of therole of antimicrobials in CBPP control. Three major classes of antimicrobial are effective against mycoplasmas, namely tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones and macrolides. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to determine the effector kinetics of oxytetracycline, danofloxacin and tulathromycinagainsttwoMmmSCfieldstrainsinartificialmediumandadultbovineserum. Methods:Minimuminhibitoryconcentrations(MIC)weredeterminedforoxytetracycline,danofloxacinandtulathromycin againstMmmSCstrainsB237andTan8usingamacrodilutiontechnique,andtime-killcurveswereconstructedforvarious multiples of the MIC over a 24hour period in artificial medium and serum. Data were fitted to sigmoid Emax models to obtain24hour-areaundercurve/MICratiosformycoplasmastasisand,whereappropriate,formycoplasmacidalactivityand virtualmycoplasmalelimination. Results: Minimum inhibitory concentrations against B237 were 20-fold higher, 2-fold higher and approximately 330-fold lowerinserumthaninartificialmediumforoxytetracycline,danofloxacinandtulathromycin,respectively.Suchdifferences were mirrored in experiments using Tan8. Oxytetracycline was mycoplasmastatic against both strains in both matrices. Danofloxacin elicited mycoplasmacidal activity against B237 and virtual elimination of Tan8; similar maximum antimycoplasmal effects were observed in artificial medium and serum. Tulathromycin effected virtual elimin