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Positive psychology interventions a meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies 英文参考文献.doc

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Positive psychology interventions a meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies 英文参考文献

Bolieretal.BMCPublicHealth2013,13:119 /1471-2458/13/119 RESEARCH ARTICLE OpenAccess Positivepsychologyinterventions:ameta-analysis ofrandomizedcontrolledstudies LindaBolier1*,MerelHaverman2,GerbenJWesterhof3,HeleenRiper4,5,FilipSmit1,6andErnstBohlmeijer3 Abstract Background:Theuseofpositivepsychologicalinterventionsmaybeconsideredasacomplementarystrategyin mentalhealthpromotionandtreatment.Thepresentarticleconstitutesameta-analyticalstudyoftheeffectiveness ofpositivepsychologyinterventionsforthegeneralpublicandforindividualswithspecificpsychosocialproblems. Methods:WeconductedasystematicliteraturesearchusingPubMed,PsychInfo,theCochraneregister,and manualsearches.Fortyarticles,describing39studies,totaling6,139participants,metthecriteriaforinclusion.The outcomemeasuresusedweresubjectivewell-being,psychologicalwell-beinganddepression.Positivepsychology interventionsincludedself-helpinterventions,grouptrainingandindividualtherapy. Results:Thestandardizedmeandifferencewas0.34forsubjectivewell-being,0.20forpsychologicalwell-beingand 0.23fordepressionindicatingsmalleffectsforpositivepsychologyinterventions.Atfollow-upfromthreetosix months,effectsizesaresmall,butstillsignificantforsubjectivewell-beingandpsychologicalwell-being,indicating thateffectsarefairlysustainable.Heterogeneitywasratherhigh,duetothewidediversityofthestudiesincluded. Severalvariablesmoderatedtheimpactondepression:Interventionsweremoreeffectiveiftheywereoflonger duration,ifrecruitmentwasconductedviareferralorhospital,ifinterventionsweredeliveredtopeoplewithcertain psychosocialproblemsandonanindividualbasis,andifthestudydesignwasoflowquality.Moreover,indications forpublicationbiaswerefound,andthequalityofthestudiesvariedconsiderably. Conclusions:Theresultsofthismeta-analysisshowthatpositivepsychologyinterventionscanbeeffectiveinthe enhancementofsubjectivewell-beingandpsychologicalwell-being,aswellasinhelpingtoreducedepressive symptoms.Additionalhigh-qualitypeer-reviewedstudiesindiverse(clinical)populat