Prevalence and Risk Factors for Vitamin C Deficiency in North and South India A Two Centre Population Based Study in People Aged 60 Years and Over 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Prevalence and Risk Factors for Vitamin C Deficiency in North and South India A Two Centre Population Based Study in People Aged 60 Years and Over 英文参考文献.doc

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Prevalence and Risk Factors for Vitamin C Deficiency in North and South India A Two Centre Population Based Study in People Aged 60 Years and Over 英文参考文献

PrevalenceandRiskFactorsforVitaminCDeficiencyin NorthandSouthIndia:ATwoCentrePopulationBased StudyinPeopleAged60YearsandOver RavillaD.Ravindran1,PraveenVashist2,SanjeevK.Gupta2,IanS.Young3,GiovanniMaraini4 ,Monica Camparini4,R.Jayanthi1,NeenaJohn2,KathrynE.Fitzpatrick5,UshaChakravarthy6,ThulasirajD. Ravilla7,AstridE.Fletcher5* 1AravindEyeHospitalPondicherry,Pondicherry,India,2Dr.RajendraPrasadCenterforOphthalmicSciences,AllIndiaInstituteofMedicalSciences,NewDelhi,India, 3CentreforPublicHealth,SchoolofMedicine,DentistryandBiomedicalSciences,Queen’sUniversityBelfast,Belfast,UnitedKingdom,4DipartimentodiScienzeOtorino- Odonto-OftalmologicheeCervicoFacciali,SezionediOftalmologia,Universita`degliStudidiParma,Parma,Italy,5FacultyofEpidemiologyandPopulationHealth,London School ofHygieneandTropicalMedicine,London,United Kingdom, 6Centrefor VisionandVascularScience,School ofMedicine,Dentistry andBiomedical Sciences, Queen’sUniversityBelfast,Belfast,UnitedKingdom,7LionsAravindInstituteofCommunityOphthalmology,Madurai,India Abstract Background:StudiesfromtheUKandNorthAmericahavereportedvitaminCdeficiencyinaround1in5menand1in9 womeninlowincomegroups.TherearefewdataonvitaminCdeficiencyinresourcepoorcountries. Objectives:ToinvestigatetheprevalenceofvitaminCdeficiencyinIndia. Design:Wecarriedoutapopulation-basedcross-sectionalsurveyintwoareasofnorthandsouthIndia.Randomlysampled clusters were enumerated to identify people aged 60 and over. Participants (75% response rate) were interviewed for tobacco,alcohol,cookingfueluse,24hourdietrecallandunderwentanthropometryandbloodcollection.VitaminCwas measuredusinganenzyme-basedassayinplasmastabilizedwithmetaphosphoricacid.WecategorisedvitaminCstatusas deficient(,11mmol/L),sub-optimal(11–28 mmol/L)andadequate(.28mmol/L).Weinvestigatedfactorsassociatedwith vitaminCdeficiencyusingmultivariablePoissonregression. Results:Theage,sexandseasonstandardizedprevalenceofvitaminCdeficiencywas73.9%(95%confidenceInterval,CI 70.4,77.5)in2668peo