Recent Advances in Hepatitis C Virus Cell Entry 英文参考文献.docVIP

Viruses 2010, 2, 692-709; doi:10.3390/v2030692 OPEN ACCESS viruses ISSN 1999-4915 /journal/viruses Review Recent Advances in Hepatitis C Virus Cell Entry Birke Bartosch 1,2,3,* and Jean Dubuisson 4,5,6 1 INSERM, U871, 69003 Lyon, France 2 Université Lyon 1, IFR62 Lyon-Est, 69008 Lyon, France 3 Hospices Civils de Lyon, H?tel Dieu, Service d’hépatologie et de gastroentérologie, 69002 Lyon, France 4 Université Lille Nord de France, F-59000 Lille, France; E-Mail: Jean.Dubuisson@ibl.fr (J.D.) 5 CNRS, Institut de Biologie de Lille (UMR8161), F-59021 Lille, France 6 Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59019 Lille, France * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: E-Mail: Birke.Bartosch@inserm.fr; Tel.: +33-472-681-975; Fax: +33-472-687-070. Received: 15 December 2009; in revised form: 4 March 2010 / Accepted: 5 March 2010 / Published: 8 March 2010 Abstract: More than 170 million patients worldwide are chronically infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). Prevalence rates range from 0.5% in Northern European countries to 28% in some areas of Egypt. HCV is hepatotropic, and in many countries chronic hepatitis C is a leading cause of liver disease including fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. HCV persists in 50–85% of infected patients, and once chronic infection is established, spontaneous clearance is rare. HCV is a member of the Flaviviridae family, in which it forms its own genus. Many lines of evidence suggest that the HCV life cycle displays many differences to that of other Flaviviridae family members. Some of these differences may be due to the close interaction of HCV with its host’s lipid and particular triglyceride metabolism in the liver, which may explain why the virus can be found in association with lipoproteins in serum of infected patients. This review focuses on the molecular events underlying the HCV cell entry process and the respective roles of cellular co-factors that have been