5-3 Grammar99张.ppt

3．表示条件，作条件状语，相当于条件状语从句。这类句子的谓语动词往往用将来时或情态动词。 ①Given an inch(＝If he is given an inch), he will take a mile. 他总是得寸进尺。 ②Compared with developed countries(＝If we are compared with developed countries), we still have a long way to go. 和发达国家比起来，我们还有很大的差距。 ③Given good weather(＝If we are given good weather), our ship will arrive on Friday evening. 如果有好天气，我们的轮船将于星期五晚上到达。 4．表示行为或伴随状况，相当于并列复合句。 ①Absorbed in the work, he neglected food and sleep.(＝He was absorbed in the work and neglected food and sleep.) 他专心于工作，废寝忘食。 ②Covered with snow, the mountain looks like a white giant. 山为雪所覆盖，看上去像白色巨人。 注意： 1)过去分词短语作状语时，它的逻辑主语一般必须与句子的主语一致。但有时它也可以有自己独立的逻辑主语，这种结构称为独立(主格)结构。多数情况下它表示一种伴随动作或情况。 ①I rushed into the classroom, my face covered with dust. 我跑进了教室，满脸是土。 ②All things considered, your article is of greater value than his. 各方面都考虑进去，你的文章比他的文章更有价值。 2)有些过去分词和定冠词the连用，表示一类人或一类事物，可以在句中作主语、宾语。 ①The oppressed have been awakened. 被压迫的人们已经觉醒了。 ②We should help the exploited. 我们应当帮助被剥削的人。 3)根据需要，动词-ed形式前面也可加上when, while, until, once, though, although, as long as, so long as, unless, as if, as though, even if, even though等词。as后不能跟-ed形式。在before, after, without等词后必须用being done结构形式。 ①Unless invited, I wont attend the get-together. 除非受到邀请，否则我不会参加聚会。 ②The boy left the playhouse without being seen. 这个男孩离开了游戏室没有被人发现。 ③Before being called, remain where you are. 叫你之前，呆在原地别动。 高考链接 (1)(2009·北京)________twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog. A．Being bitten B．Bitten C．Having bitten D．To be bitten 解析：本题题意：被我们的狗咬了两次，那位邮递员便拒绝给我们送信了，除非是我们把狗拴起来。本题考查过去分词担任原因状语。相当于原因状语从句As he was bitten twice，...注意：由过去分词转化而来的形容词在句中担任状语或后置定语时，不能和being连用。 答案：B (2)(2009·江西)________ the right kind of training , these teenage soccer players may one day grow into international stars. A. Giving B. Having given C. To give D. Given 解析：考查了分词作状语。teenage与give之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故只能用given，而A、B、C都表示主动关系。 答案：D 知识拓展 adjust(oneself)to sth.使(自己)适合；适应于某事 He adjusted himself very quickly to the heat of the cou