Chemotaxis when Bacteria Remember Drift versus Diffusion 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Chemotaxis when Bacteria Remember Drift versus Diffusion 英文参考文献.doc

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Chemotaxis when Bacteria Remember Drift versus Diffusion 英文参考文献

ChemotaxiswhenBacteriaRemember:Driftversus Diffusion SakuntalaChatterjee1*,RavaAzeredodaSilveira2,3,YarivKafri1 1DepartmentofPhysics,Technion,Haifa,Israel,2DepartmentofPhysicsandDepartmentofCognitiveStudies,E′coleNormaleSupe′rieure,Paris,France,3Laboratoirede PhysiqueStatistique,CentreNationaldelaRechercheScientifique,Universite′ PierreetMarieCurie,Universite′ DenisDiderot,Paris,France Abstract Escherichiacoli(E.coli)bacteriagoverntheirtrajectoriesbyswitchingbetweenrunningandtumblingmodesasafunctionof thenutrientconcentrationtheyexperiencedinthepast.Atshorttimeoneobservesadriftofthebacterialpopulation,while atlong time one observes accumulationin high-nutrientregions.Recent work hasviewedchemotaxis as acompromise betweendrifttowardfavorableregionsandaccumulationinfavorableregions.Anumberofearlierstudiesassumethata bacterium resets its memory at tumbles – a fact not borne out by experiment – and make use of approximate coarse- grained descriptions. Here, we revisit the problem of chemotaxis without resorting to any memory resets. We find that when bacteria respond to the environment in a non-adaptive manner, chemotaxis is generally dominated by diffusion, whereaswhenbacteriarespondinanadaptivemanner,chemotaxisisdominatedbyabiasinthemotion.Intheadaptive case,favorable drift occurs together withfavorable accumulation.We deriveour resultsfrom detailedsimulations anda variety of analytical arguments. In particular, we introduce a new coarse-grained description of chemotaxis as biased diffusion,andwediscussthewayitdepartsfromoldercoarse-graineddescriptions. Citation:ChatterjeeS,daSilveiraRA,KafriY(2011)ChemotaxiswhenBacteriaRemember:DriftversusDiffusion.PLoSComputBiol7(12):e1002283.doi:10.1371/ journal.pcbi.1002283 Editor:ChristopherV.Rao,UniversityofIllinoisatUrbana-Champaign,UnitedStatesofAmerica ReceivedApril10,2011;AcceptedOctober6,2011;PublishedDecember1,2011 Copyright: ?2011 Chatterjee et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the