词汇学与记忆法.pptVIP

Lexicology Mastery —— Lynn Lee Warm-up: BINGO! ?fill in your form with 25 given words as you like ?○marks on the words you hear from the teacher ?get five ○ in a line, win! Important Terms Word Root Affixes Affixation Conversion Compounding Word A word is a minimal free form of a language that has a given sound and meaning and syntactic (of sentence structure) function. Root A root is the basic form of a word which can not be further analyzed without total loss of identity. Affixes Affixes are forms that are attached to words or word elements to modify meaning or function. Prefixes are affixes that come before the word. Suffixes are affixes that come after the word. Affixation Affixation is the formation of new words by adding affixes to stems.(careful/careless) Prefixation Suffixation Conversion Conversion is the formation of new words by converting words of one class to another class. Compounding Compounding is a process of word formation by which two independent words are put together to make one word. anthro --- man or mankind anthropoid(like,resemble) 类人的；类人猿 mis(wrong,bad,poor)anthrope 厌世者 phil（爱）anthropy 博爱，慈善 Discrimination of Synonyms ★ Difference in Denotation (外延): differ in the range and intensity of meaning extend—increase—expand (range) want? wish? desire (intensity) ★ Difference in Connotation（内涵）: differ in the stylistic and emotive coloring ask (neutral) beg (colloquial) request (formal) ★ Difference in Application（应用）: differ in usage empty box – vacant seat SAT-level Words沉默/惜字如金 pithy: concise; to the point切入主题 What expresses affection more pithily than the three words, I love you? quiescent: quiet; still; inactive沉寂 On long summer weekends, the city is strangely quiescent. taciturn: close-mouthed沉默 Through out the party, Larry was moody and taciturn. terse: to the point (rudeness)单刀直入 The principal’s terse reply was clear: “No dogs at school.” 减轻、缓和、调和 pacify: make calm