Spider-Venom Peptides as Bioinsecticides 英文参考文献.docVIP

Toxins 2012, 4, 191-227; doi:10.3390/toxins4030191 OPEN ACCESS toxins ISSN 2072-6651 /journal/toxins Review Spider-Venom Peptides as Bioinsecticides Monique J. Windley 1,?, Volker Herzig 2,?, S?awomir A. Dziemborowicz 1, Margaret C. Hardy 2, Glenn F. King 2,* and Graham M. Nicholson 1,* 1 Neurotoxin Research Group, School of Medical Molecular Biosciences, University of Technology, Sydney, Broadway NSW 2007, Australia; E-Mails: monique.windley@.au (M.J.W.); slawomir.dziemborowicz@.au (S.A.D.) 2 Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia; E-Mails: v.herzig@.au (V.H.); m.hardy@.au (M.C.H.) ? These authors contributed equally to this work. * Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: graham.nicholson@.au (G.M.N.); glenn.king@.au (G.F.K.); Tel.: +61-2-9514-2230 (G.M.N.); +61-7-3346-2025 (G.F.K.); Fax: +61-2-9514-8206 (G.M.N.); +61-7-3346-2021 (G.F.K.). Received: 31 January 2012; in revised form: 7 March 2012 / Accepted: 15 March 2012 / Published: 22 March 2012 Abstract: Over 10,000 arthropod species are currently considered to be pest organisms. They are estimated to contribute to the destruction of ~14% of the world’s annual crop production and transmit many pathogens. Presently, arthropod pests of agricultural and health significance are controlled predominantly through the use of chemical insecticides. Unfortunately, the widespread use of these agrochemicals has resulted in genetic selection pressure that has led to the development of insecticide-resistant arthropods, as well as concerns over human health and the environment. Bioinsecticides represent a new generation of insecticides that utilise organisms or their derivatives (e.g., transgenic plants, recombinant baculoviruses, toxin-fusion proteins and peptidomimetics) and show promise as environmentally-friendly alternatives to conventional agrochemicals. Spider-venom