Spectroscopic Analyses of the Biofuels-Critical Phytochemical Coniferyl Alcohol and Its Enzyme-Catalyzed Oxidation Products 英文参考文献.docVIP

Molecules 2009, 14, 4758-4778; doi:10.3390/moleculeOPEN ACCESS Molecules ISSN 1420-3049 /journal/molecules Article Spectroscopic Analyses of the Biofuels-Critical Phytochemical Coniferyl Alcohol and Its Enzyme-Catalyzed Oxidation Products Komandoor Elayavalli Achyuthan 1,2,*, Paul David Adams 1,3, Blake Alexander Simmons 1,4 and Anup Kumar Singh 1,4 1 Joint BioEnergy Institute (JBEI), Emeryville, CA 94550, USA 2 Biosensors and Nanomaterials Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA 3 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; E-Mail: pdadams@ (P.D.A.) 4 Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; E-Mails: basimmo@ (B.A.S.); aksingh@ (A.K.S.) * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: kachyut@; Tel.: +1-505-284-8979; Fax: +1-505-844-1198. Received: 21 October 2006; in revised form: 16 November 2006 / Accepted: 19 November 2009 / Published: 23 November 2009 Abstract: Lignin composition (monolignol types of coniferyl, sinapyl or p-coumaryl alcohol) is causally related to biomass recalcitrance. We describe multiwavelength (220, 228, 240, 250, 260, 290, 295, 300, 310 or 320 nm) absorption spectroscopy of coniferyl alcohol and its laccase- or peroxidase-catalyzed products during real time kinetic, pseudo- kinetic and endpoint analyses, in optical turn on or turn off modes, under acidic or basic conditions. Reactions in microwell plates and 100 μL volumes demonstrated assay miniaturization and high throughput screening capabilities. Bathochromic and hypsochromic shifts along with hyperchromicity or hypochromicity accompanied enzymatic oxidations by laccase or peroxidase. The limits of detection and quantitation of coniferyl alcohol averaged 2.4 and 7.1 μM respectively, with linear trend lines over 3 to 4 orders of magnitude. Coniferyl alcohol oxidation was evident within 10 minutes