拉马努金精选.pptxVIP

;斯里尼瓦瑟·拉马努金（泰米尔语：????????? ????????? ????????，转写：Srī?ivāsa Rāmā?ujan?Aiya?kār，1887年12月22日－1920年4月26日）是印度历史上最著名的数学家之一。 他没受过正规的高等数学教育，沉迷数论，尤爱牵涉π、质数等数学常数的求和公式，以及整数分拆。惯以直觉（或者是跳步）导出公式，不喜作证明（事后往往证明他是对的）。他留下的那些没有证明的公式，引发了后来的大量研究。 1997年，《拉马努金期刊》（Ramanujan Journal）创刊，用以发表有关“受到拉马努金影响的数学领域”的研究论文。 ;One day in January 1913. G. H. Hardy, a famous CambridgeUniversity mathematician received a letter from an Indian named Srinivasa Ramanujan asking him for his opinion of 120 mathematical theorems (定理) that Ramanujan said he had discovered. To Hardy, many of the theorems made no sense. Of the others, one or two were already well-known. Ramanujan must be some kind of trickplayer, Hardy decided, and put the letter aside. But all that day the letter kept hanging round Hardy. Might there be something in those wild-looking theorems? That evening Hardy invited another brilliant Cambridge mathematician, J. E. Littlewood, and the two men set out to assess the Indian’s worth. That incident was a turning point in the history of mathematics.;At the time, Ramanujan was an obscure Madras Port Trust clerk. A little more than a year later, he was at CambridgeUniversity, and beginning to be recognized as one of the most amazing mathematicians the world has ever known. Though he died in 1920, much of his work was so far in advance of his time that only in recent years is it beginning to be properly understood. Indeed, his results are helping solve today’s problems in computer science and physics, problems that he could have had no notion of. For Indians, moreover, Ramanujan has a special significance. Ramanujan, though born in poor and ill-paid accountant’s family 100 years ago, has inspired many Indians to adopt mathematics as career. ;Much of Ramanujan’s work is in number theory, a branch of mathematics that deals with the subtle (难以捉摸的) laws and relationships that govern numbers. Mathematicians describe his results as elegant and beautiful but they are much too complex to be appreciated by laymen.