Towards a Hybrid Energy Efficient Multi-Tree-Based Optimized Routing Protocol for Wireless Networks 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Towards a Hybrid Energy Efficient Multi-Tree-Based Optimized Routing Protocol for Wireless Networks 英文参考文献.doc

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Towards a Hybrid Energy Efficient Multi-Tree-Based Optimized Routing Protocol for Wireless Networks 英文参考文献

Sensors2012,12,17295-17319;doi:10.3390/s121217295 OPENACCESS sensors ISSN1424-8220 /journal/sensors Article TowardsaHybridEnergyEf?cientMulti-Tree-BasedOptimized RoutingProtocolforWirelessNetworks NathalieMitton 1,?,TahiryRaza?ndralambo 1 1 2 ,DavidSimplot-Ryl andIvanStojmenovic 1 2 INRIALille-NordEurope,59650Villeneuved’Ascq,France; E-Mails:tahiry.raza?ndralambo@inria.fr(T.R.);david.simplot-ryl@inria.fr(D.S.-R.) SITE,UniversityofOttawa,Ottawa,ONK1N6N5,Canada;E-Mail:ivan@site.uottawa.ca *Authortowhomcorrespondenceshouldbeaddressed;E-Mail:nathalie.mitton@inria.fr; Tel.:+33-359-577-846. Received:24October2012;inrevisedform:10December2012/Accepted:12December2012/ Published:13December2012 Abstract: This paper considers the problem of designing power ef?cient routing with guaranteeddeliveryforsensornetworkswithunknowngeographiclocations. Wepropose HECTOR,ahybridenergyef?cienttree-basedoptimizedroutingprotocol,basedontwosets ofvirtualcoordinates.Onesetisbasedonrootedtreecoordinates,andtheotherisbasedon hopdistancestowardseverallandmarks.InHECTOR,thenodecurrentlyholdingthepacket forwardsittoitsneighborthatoptimizesratioofpowercostoverdistanceprogresswith landmarkcoordinates,amongnodesthatreducelandmarkcoordinatesanddonotincrease distanceintreecoordinates. Ifsuchanodedoesnotexist,thenforwardingismadetothe neighborthatreducestree-baseddistanceonlyandoptimizespowercostovertreedistance progressratio.Wetheoreticallyprovethepacketdeliveryandproposeanextensionbasedon theuseofmultipletrees.Oursimulationsshowthesuperiorityofouralgorithmoverexisting alternativeswhileguaranteeingdelivery,andonlyupto30%additionalpowercomparedto centralizedshortestweightedpathalgorithm. Keywords:geographicrouting;guaranteeddelivery;energyef?ciency 1.Introduction Wireless ad hoc networks, especially sensor networks, have received a lot of attentions in recent yearsduetotheirpotentialapplicationsinvariousareassuchasmonitoring,securityanddatagathering. Sensors2012,12 1729