PH0101UNIT4LECTURE6.pptVIP

CRYSTAL PHYSICS PH 0101 UNIT 4 LECTURE 6 * PH0101 UNIT 4 LECTURE 6 RELATION BETWEEN LATTICE CONSTANT AND DENSITY DIAMOND CUBIC STRUCTURE PROBLEMS RELATION BETWEEN LATTICE CONSTANT AND DENSITY Consider a cubic crystal of lattice constant ‘a’. Density of the crystal = ρ Volume of the unit cell = V = a3 Number of atoms per unit cell = n Atomic weight of the material = M Avagadro number = N RELATION BETWEEN LATTICE CONSTANT AND DENSITY In M gram of material there are ‘N’ atoms i.e., mass of N atoms is ‘M’ gram. Mass of 1 atom = Mass of ‘n’ molecules i.e., mass of an unit cell = (1) Density ‘ρ’= i.e. ρ = RELATION BETWEEN LATTICE CONSTANT AND DENSITY ρ = mass ‘m’ = ρ a3 (2) Equating (1) and (2), we get, ρ a3 = ρ = RELATION BETWEEN LATTICE CONSTANT AND DENSITY ρ = PROBLEMS Worked Example Sodium crystallises in a cubic lattice. The edge of the unit cell is 4.16 ?. The density of sodium is 975kg/m3 and its atomic weight is 23. What type of unit cell does sodium form ? (Take Avagadro number as 6.023? 1026 atoms (Kg mole)-1 Edge of the unit cell, a = 4.16? = 4.16 × 10-10m Density of the sodium, ρ = 975 kg/m3 Atomic weight of sodium, M=23 PROBLEMS Avogadros number, N = 6.023 × 1026 atoms/kg mole Density of the crystal material, Number of atoms in the unit cell, PROBLEMS = 2 atoms Since the body centred cubic cell contains 2 atoms in it, sodium crystallises in a BCC cell. PROBLEMS Worked Example A metallic element exists in a cubic lattice. Each side of the unit cell is 2.88 ?. The density of the metal is 7.20 gm/cm3. How many unit cells will be there in 100gm of the metal? Edge of the unit cell, a = 2.88? = 2.88 × 10-10m Density of the metal, ρ = 7.20 gm/cm3 = 7.2 ×103 kg/m3