34节周二第1组交际修辞.pptVIP

* Communicative Rhetoric Group1：施晴怡、张燕芳、施春玲、陈艺红、陈扬 Definition Choice of Setences Choice of Words Emphasizes the choice of words and phrases, and selection of sentence patterns, organizing paragraphs and whole pieces of writing in such a way that ideas are expressed more clearly, more accurately and more appropriately and the best results are achieved in communication. Communicative rhetoric : Use suitable words Principles of choosing words: To communicate our ideas precisely and effectively, we should choose the right words that are exact, fresh, vivid, and appropriate. Example:woman, lady, skirt, female都表示“妇女”但是它们的使用场合不同。lady和female 都属于正式语体。lady 可用于一切正式场合，是雅词；female 一般只用在填写身份、表格等场合中使用，不常用。woman 是常用词，介于正式与非正式之间，可用于书面语或者口语；skirt是非正式语体，在口语中含有轻蔑之意。 Denotation and connotation Denotation is the specific, direct, and literal meaning of a word, as described in a dictionary definition. It is also called denotative meaning or explicit meaning. Connotation is the associative or suggestive meaning of a word. It often implies attitudes, emotions, etc. of the speaker or writer, and is also called implicit meaning. Example: Home means a place where one lives. Home means a place of warmth, shelter, comfort,etc. General words and specific words General words refer to a group or class; they often used for the sake of diplomacy. Specific words refer to a member of that class; they tend to give color and tang, tend to appeal to the imagination. 就比较具体，而the crabapple tree in the yard 则是特指区别词义的泛指和特指，主要是为了使措辞更加有效，因为特指意义的词比较有声有色，能唤。例如:像“We found an animal in the field.”这样的句子难以使读者在一瞬间产生活跃的想象，因为animal这个泛指词缺乏生动的图像，而如果用deer,fox,tiger 等一些具有特指意义的词代替这个词，那么读者的想象就能展开。 Abstract words and concrete words A concrete word has an object as its referent, while an abstract word，a concept. Concrete words: peach, pear, apple and apricot Abstract words: Sweetness, fuzziness and softness Both abstract/gene