安塞县水土保持与农业经济发展的关系.docVIP

安塞县水土保持与农业经济发展的关系 　　摘要: 本文通过对安塞县近年来水土保持治理与该地区农业经济发展关系的分析,可得出水土保持对改善农村生态环境、促进农业经济发展、减贫有重要的作用。水土保持的成效与安塞县农业经济的发展关系表明,近年来水土流失面积的减少将会有力的推动安塞县农业经济的长期增长,而且水土保持对提高农业生产总产值具有统计上的显著影响,能有力的缓解贫困,并实现农村经济的可持续发展。 　　Abstract: Based on the objective analysis on the relation between water and soil conservation and the local agricultural economy development in Ansai County in recent years, this paper proposes that soil and water conservation has an important role to improve rural ecological environment, promote agricultural economy development, and reduce poverty. The effect of soil and water conservation and the objectives of agricultural economy development shows that in recent years the reduction of the area of water and soil erosion will powerfully push the long-term growth of the agricultural economy of Ansai county, and soil and water conservation has the significant influence for increasing agricultural production output on the statistics, can effectively relieve poverty and realize the sustainable development of rural economy. 　　关键词: 安塞县;水土保持;经济发展 　　Key words: Ansai county;water and soil conservation;economic development 　　中图分类号:F3文献标识码:A文章编号:1006-4311(2010)26-0240-02 　　 　　1安塞县概况 　　安塞县是延安市辖县,地处陕北黄土高原丘陵沟壑区,位于陕西省北部,北纬36°30′45″～37°19′31″, 东经108°51′44″～ 109°26′18″,南北长92km,东西宽约36km,土地总面积约2 950km2。东南与延安市宝塔区为邻,南和甘泉县接壤,西毗志丹县,北靠靖边县,东北与子长县相交。县境南北直线距离92km,东西直线距离36km,总面积2950km2,总人口16.44万人,其中农业人口12.89万人。安塞地形地貌复杂多样,境内沟壑纵横、川道狭长、梁峁遍布,由南向北呈梁、峁、塌、湾、坪、川等地貌,山高、坡陡、沟深。地处西北内陆黄土高原腹地,鄂尔多斯盆地边缘,属黄土高原丘陵沟壑区。地势除王家湾乡南高北底外,其它地区多由西北向东南倾斜。境内沟壑纵横,川道狭长,梁峁遍布,有4条大川道。主要山丘有高峁山、雅行山、白猪山、天泽山、玉皇庙岭、神岭山等。最高海拔为1731.1m(镰刀湾乡高峁山),最低海拔为1012m(沿河湾镇罗家沟),平均海拔为1371.9m,县城海拔为1061m。有延河、大理河、清涧河3条水系,主要河流有延河、杏子河、西川河、小川河、小沟河、双阳河等。地形地势西北高、东南低,海拔高程997～1731m,地面相对高差100～200m。主要地貌类型为黄土梁涧、黄土峁状丘陵、黄土梁峁丘陵和沟谷阶地。安塞县地形支离破碎,植被覆盖度小,侵蚀模数达12000t/(km2?a),坡度大于25°的坡耕地占农地面积的34.43%,坡度大于15°的坡耕地占71.93%。据估算,全县坡耕地每年流失氮、磷、钾达12.7万t;粮食生产低而不稳,平均产量933.0 kg/hm2。主要土壤类型为黄绵土,占土地总面积的95%左右。安塞县土地面积2950.2km2,其中水土流失面积2771.03km2,达到93.92%,年土壤侵蚀模数为12000t/km2,最高达15000t/km2。