外研版b3m4--grammar动词不定式.docxVIP

非谓语动词之动词不定式一、动词不定式的构成to do动词不定式的否定：not to doeg. Try not to be late again next time.He wished us never to meet her again.动词不定式的时态和语态不定式主动语态被动语态一般式to doto be done完成式to have doneto have been done进行式to be doing不定式的一般式：表示不定式的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时或几乎同时发生，或是在它之后发生。eg. A lot of young people are learning to drive cars.She hated to be laughed at.2. 不定式的完成式：表示不定式的动作或状态发生在谓语所表示的动作或状态之__前___。eg. I am sorryto have kept you waiting so long.Charles Babbage is generally considered to have invented the first computer.The book is said to have been translated into Chinese.3. 不定式的进行式：突出表示不定式的行为和谓语动词是____同时____发生的以及不定式是__正在_____发生的行为。eg. The student pretended to be studying hard when his mother came in.He seemedto be eating something.? 动词不定式可作下列成分：不定式作__主语________To say is one thing, but to do is another thing.To look after our parents when they are old is our duty.不定式短语作主语时，常用__it___作形式主语，而将作主语的不定式放在句子后面。如：It is our duty to look after our parents when they are old.It is + adj. + of sb. to do sth.It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.若形容词是nice, kind, stupid, rude, clever, foolish, silly, wise, careful, careless,brave, polite, impolite, selfish(自私的)等表示人的性格特征_的形容词时，就用of引出不定式的逻辑主语。It is very kind of you to help me.It is very careless of you to lose your wallet.若形容词描述逻辑主语所做的事情，就用介词_for___。常见的此类形容词有easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, impossible, necessary等。如：It is difficult for me to learn maths.It is necessary for us to buy an English dictionary.不定式作_____宾语_______I decided to work hard from now on.I hope to go to Peking University.助记：三个希望两答应 hope, wish, want, agree, promise两个要求莫拒绝 demand, ask, refuse设法学会做决定 manage, ask, refuse不要假装在选择 pretend, choose注意：动词不定式在句中作宾语，如带有宾语补足语时，常用__it___作形式宾语，而将该不定式后置。如：I don’t think it right to do it in that way.I make it a rule to get up early.练一练： -- Do you know Mr. Smith? -- Yes. He’s a strange man. We found ____ difficult to work with him. A. us B. it C. that D. this3. 不定式作___表语_________ My job is to clean the room every day. His dream is to