工作记忆负荷对风险决策框架效应的影响.pdf

Advances in Psychology 心理学进展, 2017, 7(1), 96-103 Published Online January 2017 in Hans. /journal/ap /10.12677/ap.2017.71013 Working Memory Load Affecting the Framing Effect of Risk Decision-Making Xinjing Yan1,2, Xuqun You1,2* 1 School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an Shaanxi 2 Key Laboratory for Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an Shaanxi th st th Received: Jan. 5 , 2017; accepted: Jan. 21 , 2017; published: Jan. 24 , 2017 Copyright © 2017 by authors and Hans Publishers Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY). /licenses/by/4.0/ Open Access Abstract Tversky and Kahneman (1981) introduced the term framing effect for a decision maker’s repre- sentation of a decision problem including acts outcomes and contingencies associated with dif- ferent alternatives. Framing effect is made up on the basis of prospect theory, which is a typical case of the descriptive decision theory, but violates the formal decision theory. In recent years, the research on the phenomenon of the framing effect is fruitful, but the research of the inner cogni- tive mechanism of framing effect is relatively poor. In order to further reveal the internal me- chanism of effect of framework in risk decision, the study discusses the effect of working memory load on framing effect on the basis of the theory of dual-process, using 2 (positive framing, nega- tive framing) × 2 (working memory load, no working memory load) among subjects experimental design. In the experiment, 32 boys and 48 girls were randomly select