Introduction of EU emmission regulations要点.docVIP

Background 背景 European Union emission regulations for new light duty vehicles (cars and light commercial vehicles) are specified in the Directive 70/220/EEC. This basis Directive was amended a number of times, some of the most important amendments including: 欧盟新型轻载汽车（小汽车和商用汽车）排放法规通过70/220/EEC指令发布。这个指令修改过多次，最重要的一些修订包括： Euro 1 standards (also known as EC 93): Directives 91/441/EEC (passenger cars only) or 93/59/EEC (passenger cars and light trucks) 欧1标准（EC93）：91/441/EEC指令（仅仅对乘用车），93/59/EEC（乘用车和轻卡） Euro 2 standards (EC 96): Directives 94/12/EC or 96/69/EC 欧2标准（EC96）：94/12/EC 或者96/69/EC 指令 Euro 3/4 standards (2000/2005): Directive 98/69/EC, further amendments in 2002/80/EC 欧3/4标准（2000/2005）：98/69/EC指令，在2002/80/EC得到进一步修订。 Euro 5 standards (2008): Proposed regulation [COM(2005) 683] published in December 2005 欧5标准（2008）：2005年12月发布欧盟建议的法规[COM(2005) 683] Fuels. The 2000/2005 standards were accompanied by an introduction of more stringent fuel regulations that require minimum diesel cetane number of 51 (year 2000), maximum diesel sulfur content of 350 ppm in 2000 and 50 ppm in 2005, and maximum petrol (gasoline) sulfur content of 150 ppm in 2000 and 50 ppm in 2005. “Sulfur-free” diesel and gasoline fuels (≤ 10 ppm S) must be available from 2005, and become mandatory from 2009.燃料：2000/2005标准引入更加严格的燃油法规，该法规要求在2000年柴油最低十六烷值51，最高含硫量350ppm，在2005年最高含硫量50ppm。2000年汽油最大含硫量150ppm，2005年最大50ppm。在2005年必须有无硫柴油和汽油可用，到2009年无硫柴油汽油必须是强制性使用。 Emission Testing. Emissions are tested over the ECE 15 + EUDC / NEDC chassis dynamometer procedure. Effective year 2000 (Euro 3), that test procedure was modified to eliminate the 40 s engine warm-up period before the beginning of emission sampling. This modified cold start test is referred to as the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) or as the MVEG-B test. All emissions are expressed in g/km. 排放试验：排放试验按照ECE 15 + EUDC / NEDC底盘测功机程序进行。于2000年生效的该程序后来经过修改删去了排放采样开始前的40秒发动机热机。 这个修改的冷启动试验就是后来的New European Driving Cycle (NEDC)或者MVEG-B试验。 所有的排放结果用g/km表示. For