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Electroencephalogram abnormalities in panic disorder patients a study of symptom characteristics and pathology.doc

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Electroencephalogram abnormalities in panic disorder patients a study of symptom characteristics and pathology

Hayashietal.BioPsychoSocialMedicine2010,4:9 /content/4/1/9 RESEARCH OpenAccess Electroencephalogramabnormalitiesinpanic disorderpatients:astudyofsymptom characteristicsandpathology KarinHayashi1*,MarikoMakino2,MasahiroHashizume2,KoichiNakano3,KojiTsuboi2 Abstract Background:Sincethe1980s,ahighEEGabnormalityratehasbeenreportedforpatientswithpanicdisorder. However,howtheEEGabnormalitiesofpanicdisorderpatientsarerelatedtotheclinicalfeaturesandpathologyof thesepatientshasyettobeclarified.InthisstudyweinvestigatedwhetherornotEEGabnormalitiesarerelatedto the13symptomsintheDSM-IVcriteriaforadiagnosisofpanicattacks. Methods:Subjectswere70patientsdiagnosedwithpanicdisorder. LogisticregressionanalysiswasperformedwithEEGfindingsasdependentvariablesandage,sexandwithor withoutthe13symptomsasindependentvariables. Results:(1)EEGfindingsforpanicdisorderpatientswithEEGabnormalities:Ofthe17patients,13hadrepeated slowwavesintheθ-band;themostprevalentEEGabnormalityfoundinthisstudy.Paroxysmalabnormality interpretedasepileptiformwasfoundinonlytwocases.(2)Nauseaorabdominaldistress(37.7%vs82.45%, OR-12.5),derealizationordepersonalization(7.5%vs47.1%,OR=13.9,)andparesthesias(43.4%vs64.7%,OR=7.9,) wereextractedbymultivariateanalysisasfactorsrelatedtoEEGabnormalities. Conclusion:Ofthe70patientsstudied,17hadEEGabnormalities.Amongthese17cases,“repeatedslowwavesin theθ-band”wasthemostcommonabnormality.ThefactorsidentifiedasbeingrelatedtoEEGabnormalitiesare nauseaorabdominaldistress,derealizationordepersonalization,andparesthesias.Thestudyindicatedthat physiologicalpredispositionsarecloselyrelatedtopanicattacks. Background amongsubjects whoseresponse metthecriteria forPA Recently,panicdisordercausingpanicattackscharacter- was 6.6% while the prevalence among those whose ized by symptoms including unexpected palpitation, responsemetthecriteriaforPDwas5.0%[5]. dyspnea,dizziness,andparesthesiashasincreasinglybeen The initial manifestation age of panic disorder is in consultedinvariouskindsof