Energy-efficient Organization of Wireless Sensor Networks with Adaptive Forecasting.docVIP

Sensors 2008, 8, 2604-2616 sensors ISSN 1424-8220 ? 2008 by MDPI /sensors Full Research Paper Energy-efficient Organization of Wireless Sensor Networks with Adaptive Forecasting Xue Wang *, Sheng Wang , Jun-Jie Ma and Dao-Wei Bi State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instrument, Department of Precision Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China; E-mails: {wang_sheng00, mjj, bdw02} @. * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-mail: wangxue@. Received: 2 April 2008 / Accepted: 10 April 2008 / Published: 11 April 2008 Abstract: Due to the wide potential applications of wireless sensor networks, this topic has attracted great attention. The strict energy constraints of sensor nodes result in great challenges for energy efficiency. This paper proposes an energy-efficient organization method. The organization of wireless sensor networks is formulated for target tracking. Target localization is achieved by collaborative sensing with multi-sensor fusion. The historical localization results are utilized for adaptive target trajectory forecasting. Combining autoregressive moving average (ARMA) model and radial basis function networks (RBFNs), robust target position forecasting is performed. Moreover, an energy- efficient organization method is presented to enhance the energy efficiency of wireless sensor networks. The sensor nodes implement sensing tasks are awakened in a distributed manner. When the sensor nodes transfer their observations to achieve data fusion, the routing scheme is obtained by ant colony optimization. Thus, both the operation and communication energy consumption can be minimized. Experimental results verify that the combination of ARMA model and RBFN can estimate the target position efficiently and energy saving is achieved by the proposed organization method in wireless