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Emotional but not physical maltreatment is independently related to psychopathology in subjects with various degrees of social anxiety a web-based internet survey.doc

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Emotional but not physical maltreatment is independently related to psychopathology in subjects with various degrees of social anxiety a web-based internet survey

Ifflandetal.BMCPsychiatry2012,12:49 /1471-244X/12/49 RESEARCH ARTICLE OpenAccess Emotionalbutnotphysicalmaltreatmentis independentlyrelatedtopsychopathologyin subjectswithvariousdegreesofsocialanxiety: aweb-basedinternetsurvey BenjaminIffland1*,LisaMSansen1,2,ClaudiaCatani1andFrankNeuner1 Abstract Background:Previousstudiesreportedthatsocialphobiaisassociatedwithahistoryofchildmaltreatment. However,mostofthesestudiesfocusedonphysicalandsexualmaltreatmentwhilstlittleisknownaboutthe specificimpactofemotionalabuseandneglectonsocialanxiety.Weexaminedtheassociationbetweenemotional maltreatment,includingparentalemotionalmaltreatmentaswellasemotionalpeervictimization,andsocialanxiety symptomsinsubjectswithvariousdegreesofsocialanxiety. Methods:Thestudywasconductedasaweb-basedInternetsurveyofparticipants(N=995)whohadsocial anxietysymptomsfallingwithinthehighrange,andincludingmanyrespondentswhohadscoresintheclinical range.Theassessmentincludedmeasuresofchildmaltreatment,emotionalpeervictimization,socialanxiety symptomsandgeneralpsychopathology. Results:Regressionandmediationanalysesrevealedthatparentalemotionalmaltreatmentandemotionalpeer victimizationwereindependentlyrelatedtosocialanxietyandmediatedtheimpactofphysicalandsexual maltreatment.Subjectswithahistoryofchildhoodemotionalmaltreatmentshowedhigherratesof psychopathologythansubjectswithahistoryofphysicalmaltreatment. Conclusions:AlthoughourfindingsarelimitedbytheuseofanInternetsurveyandretrospectiveself-report measures,dataindicatedthatsocialanxietysymptomsaremainlypredictedbyemotionalratherthanphysicalor sexualtypesofvictimization. Keywords:Childabuse,Childneglect,Abuse,Neglect,Socialanxietydisorder,Anxiety Background However, abusive treatment that does not involve any Child maltreatment refers to various forms of abusive physicaltransgressionbyacaregiverbutischaracterized and potentially harmful parenting that threatens the instead by acts such as verbal hostility, taunting, belit- healthy development of a chi