我国割胶技术由“二元结构”向“一元结构”技术变迁.pdfVIP

2015 年 1 月 热带农业科学 第 35 卷第 1 期 Jan.2015 CHINESE JOURNAL OF TROPICAL AGR1CULTURE Vo1.35. No.l 我国割胶技术由二元结构向 →元结构技术变迁① 占金刚②张万祯黄浩伦黄慧德③ (中国热带农业科学院科技信息研究所 海南佬:111 571737) 摘 要 !ll 胶是一项技术性强的子工作业，直接影响橡胶产量和经济效益。然而，长期以来在我国植胶区存在两 种不同的割胶技术水平。基于此，本文从经营制度、要素禀赋结构、专业化分工程度、技术变迁目标与要素冲突等 方面探讨其中缘由，并认为经营制度的不同是我国割胶技术存在的二元技术结构的根本原因。最后，本文提 出了在稳定现有家庭经营制度的基础上进行制度创新，增强社会化服务，强化统一经营层次，通过家庭经营制度 的较为长期的技术变迁实现割胶技术由当前二元技术结构状况向一元技术结构转变的具体路径。 关键词 割胶技术;二元结构;技术变迁 分类号 F326. 12 Tapping Technique Change from Mono Structure t。 Dual Structure in C隘na ZHAN Jingang ZHANG Wanzhen HUANG Haolun HUANG Huide (Institute of Scientific and Technical Information, CATAS , Hainan , Danzhou , 571737) Abstract Rubber tapping is a hi掉ly technical manual work which directly affi四凶也e yield and economic benefits. However, there are two different tapping technique level in our coun盯rubber plan出g area for a long time. Based on 也1S， this paper explore the re田ons 企om 也e aspects of management system, theendowment structure, degree of specialization，也e conflict of technical change objectives and factors , and 也at the different management system is the root causes which existence of dual technology structure in our coun町. Finally, the artic1e gives opinions of institutional innovation, enhancement of social service, reinforcement of unified management level which is based on stabiliz础tion of family management sy晦m. To convert from monistic technology structure to the dualistic in rubber tapping via long term technological changes of family management system. Keywords tapping t