热带雨林退化生态系统生物多样性消失与修复探讨_许再富.pdf

　　　　　　1996;　18　(4):　433 ～438 Acta Botanica Yunnanica ＊ 许再富　刘宏茂 (, 　666303) 　:(1);(2)(3) 。, 、 ;。 、, 。, , , 、、。 　, , THE LOSSAND RESTORATION OF BIODIVERSITY IN DEGRADED TROPICAL RAINFOREST ECOSYSTEMS XU Zai-Fu, LIU Hong-M ao (X ishuangbanna TropicalBotanical Garden of Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of 　Sciences, Yunnan 666303) Abstract　The main ty es of degraded ecosystems existed in Southern Yunnan of China and the neigh- bouring countries as Laos and Myanma are as follows:(1)different man-made ecosystems;(2)various secondary ecosystems and (3)different sizes of fragmental forest etc.In degraded ecosystems, the size of biodiversity loss directly relatesw ith the strength, frequency and tem oral lasting of human interference. And in fragmental tro ical rainforest, the loss of biodiversity is increasing with the increasing strength and tem oral lasting of environmental change.Even in the big area of tro ical rainforest, biodiversity is reduced as well.Dealing with very com lex as ects of social economic develo ments and natural sciences, the restoration of degraded ecosystems is quite difficult.The efficient solution, therefore, needs the joint efforts of decision makers, scientists and ublic es ecially the indigenous communities.The main mea- sures for restoration of degraded ecosystems are to reduce human interference to im rove local environ- ments and ado t various efficient methods based on the intedgrated conservation and develo ment such as res ecting and im roving indigenous know ledge on the biodiversity management, closing hillsides to facil- itate afforestation, develo ing the agro-forestry system, clearing some invading s ecies of the ecosys-