中控机房安防监控系统综合防雷措施.doc

中控机房安防监控系统Integrated lightning protection measures for the central control room of the security monitoring system Liyuan,Xia (State Administration of Press, Publication, Radio, Film and Television of 501 Kunming Yunnan 650302) Abstract: The security monitoring system has become an important technical means each transmitting station security station security, commonly used on the radio station, access gate road peripheral security, Taiwan area major traffic intersection, in the courtyard, the area material warehouse, financial office equipment, antenna outlet, control room allocation and other key areas and important goal the implementation of monitoring, realize the danger of early discovery, early treatment. Every summer thunderstorm weather is the main cause of equipment failure monitoring system. So, lightning protection, lightning protection and earthing, became a radio broadcast security guarantee, reduce property loss is an important issue. This paper will be combined with the working practice, on how to do a good job monitoring system lightning protection measures on some preliminary experience. Keywords：Lightning protection; earthing; equipotential connection; shielding; maintain 1 引言 安防监控系统由前端摄像设备、监控室显示录像设备以及传输线路组成系统采用了大量的集成元件，室外布线由几百米到几十公里不等，遭雷击的机会非常多，往往是摄像及终端设备被打坏，严重的使整个中心控制室瘫痪。因此，必须将监控系统防雷工作做好，通过有效措施防止雷电侵入设备，形成层层保护结构，确保监控机房设备及工作人员的安全。一般认为，雷电的防护措施有隔离、等电位、钳位、均压、滤波、屏蔽、过压过流保护、接地等方法将雷电过电压、过电流及雷击电磁脉冲消除在设备外围，从而有效地保护各类设备。目前主要采用气体放电管、放电间隙、高频二极管、压敏电阻、瞬态二极管、晶闸管、高低通滤波器等元件根据不同频率、功率、传输速率、阻抗、驻波、插损、带宽、电压、电流等要求，组合成电源线、天馈线、信号线系列电涌保护器（SPD）安装在微电子设备的外连线路中，地线按共用接地原则接入系统的地线，才不至于造成电位反击。只有设计合理、安装合格，才能有效的防御雷电。 2 前端设备监控系统前端设备包括带云台摄像、无云台摄像等，室外和室内安装两种情况直击雷防护措施安装在室内的摄像机一般不用考虑直击雷防护；安装室外的摄像机一般是利用灯杆、独立支撑杆或是安装在建筑物外墙上特别是独立架设的支撑杆没有任何防直击雷措施，当发生雷击时，雷电将直接击中摧毁前端设备。摄像头置于接闪器（避雷针或其它接闪导体）滚球半径的保护范围之内。对于安装在建筑物女儿墙上且不在避雷带保护范围之内的摄像机，可以在避雷带上安装一支避雷短针或将摄像机移到避雷带保护范围之内；采用独立支撑杆安装的摄像机，可将避雷针架设在摄像机的支撑杆上，引下线可直接利用金属杆本身或用镀锌圆钢，避雷针安装及保护半径示意图如图1所示。避雷针的高度滚球半径法进行计算。 2.2感应防护雷击电磁脉冲（LEMP）所产生的感应电动势通过侵入通道叠加在线路信号上产生瞬间