2013年心脏听诊(详细解读)(国外英文资料).doc

2013年心脏听诊(详细解读) Heart hearing in 2013 (detailed reading) (1) heart valve listening area Heart sound produced by the valve opening and closing conduction to the surface according to the most easy to hear part of the heart valves auscultation area, and its location is not completely consistent, the traditional five auscultation area: The apex of the apex of the apex, known as the apex of the heart Pulmonary artery lobe: in the 2nd costal margin of the sternum. Aortic valve area: located in the 2nd costal margin of the right margin of the sternum. Aortic valve second listening area: in the third costal margin of the sternum, also known as Erb; The tripetal area: the left margin of the lower margin of the sternum, the 4th and 5th rib of the left margin of the sternum. (2) the order of listening In order: the apex of the heart begins to the pulmonary artery, and then the aortic valve, the second, the aortic valve, and the three-pointed lobe. (3) listening to the contents of the hearing Heart rate: the number of beats per minute. Normal range: adults: 60 to 100 times, women are slightly faster, older children tend to be slow. Tachycardia: the adult heart rate is 100 times, the baby is 150 times Bradycardia: the heart rate is less than 80 beats per minute. Tachycardia and bradycardia can be caused by a variety of physiological, pathological or pharmacological factors. Cardiac rhythm is the rhythm of the heart. The rules of the normal mind; Sinus arrhythmia: some young people can show the rhythm of change with breathing. When you breathe in, your heart rate increases, and when you exhale, it slows down and is generally not clinically meaningful. Listen to the most common preterm contractions and atrial fibrillation that the clinic can find. Preterm contractions: a sudden heartbeat, followed by a long pause, based on the rhythm of the rules. Short pulse of light: atrial fibrillation, the irregular rhythm of the absolute, the first heart sound intensity and heart rate faster