临床基础检查方法(国外英文资料).doc

临床基本检查方法 Basic check method (1) examination Visual examination is an examination method by which the examiner visually observes the body or part of the subject. General condition such as age, gender, development, nutrition, consciousness, appearance, position, gait or posture. Local visual examination such as skin, mucous membrane, tongue, head, neck, chest, abdomen, limbs, bone joint and so on. Some special areas should be observed by instruments, such as earmirrors, goggles and endoscopes. Visual diagnosis is easy, can be repeated and continuous, can be compared and observed dynamically. Note: It is best to do it in indirect daylight, and also with light. But its best to do it in natural light when you look at jaundice and cyanosis. The environment should be warm, and the position and nudity should be determined according to the location of the examination. And do some action to match the inspection. The examination should be fully systematic in order not to leave out the physical signs and make comparisons on both sides. Depending on the needs of the main complaint and differential diagnosis, the vision should be carried out in a targeted and focused way. The diagnosis must be based on rich medical knowledge and clinical experience, otherwise it will be ignored. The clinical signs of disease are numerous, and the clinical signs that are important to the determination of a diagnosis are found only through deep and subtle observations. In the case of a comprehensive system physical examination, the body parts should be combined to view, touch, tap and listen. (2) palpation Palpation is a method of examining the parts of the body of the checker by hand, which is most important in the abdomen. Palpation can be found in the physical signs that are not found, can also be seen in the clinic, and can be made clear or supplemented by some signs that are not yet identified. The sensation of the hand is most sensitive to the fingertips and the skin of the palm, so the two