医学文章(国外英文资料).docVIP

医学文章 Cardiac patient History The history of disease A thorough history is fundamental to the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases, and always be replaced by routine or random noninvasive and invasive testing, which is expensive and inefficient. A thorough family history should be seems because many cardiac disorders (eg, coronary artery diseases [CAD], systemic hypertension, bicuspid aortic valve, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, mitral valve prolapse) have A heritable basis. Major cardiac diseases have relatively few symptoms, including pain. Dyspnea; Weakness and fatigue. Palpitations. Light - headedness, presyncope, and syncope; And other symptoms that may be due to the cardiac disease or may in these symptoms require close attention. A thorough history is fundamental to the diagnosis of cardiovascular disease is a conventional or any invasive and noninvasive detection cant replace, furthermore, such testing is expensive and inefficient. Many heart disease such as coronary artery disease (CAD), systemic hypertension, bicuspid aortic valve disease, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, mitral valve prolapse) have a genetic basis, therefore a thorough family history should be collected. Some major heart disease symptoms are relatively few, including pain, difficulty breathing, weakness and fatigue, palpitations, dizziness, preeclampsia, and syncope. Other symptoms may be caused by heart disease, others by heart disease. Subtle changes in these symptoms should be closely watched. PAIN Cardiac pain can be arbitrarily categorized as ischemic, pericardial, or atypical. Although cardiac pain is sometimes characteristic of an underlying cardiac disorder, there is often significant overlap with other disorders in terms of character, quality, location, pattern of radiation, severity, and duration. Cardiac pain is transmitted to the cerebral cortex along autonomic nerve fibers and has a variable referral area that can extend from the ear to the umbilicus. Extracardiac chest pain of car