外科学基本知识简答120题及答案(一)(国外英文资料).docVIP

外科学基本知识简答120题及答案(一) Basic knowledge of foreign science, answer 120 and answer (1) What is asepsis? What does it include? Whats the difference between sterilization and disinfection? A: asepsis is a series of preventive measures taken against microbial and infection pathways. Contents include sterilization, disinfection, operating rules and management. The difference is whether to eliminate all microorganisms. What is hypokalemia, and what should be noted for clinical intravenous potassium? Answer: serum potassium 3.5 mmol/L note: partial filling potassium, edge complementary observation, attention concentration 40mmol/L ( 0.3%) and speed 20mmol/h, urine amount 40ml/h for potassium. What mechanism does the body maintain the balance of humoral acid and alkali? Answer: the internal buffer system, the breath of the lung, the regulation of the kidney. What is anti-constancy? Answer: hypokalaemia, alkali-poisoning, the renal tubule row potassium decreases and the number of hydrochloric acid is increased, the urine is acidic, it is called anti-constancy acid urine. Why should we get out of bed early? Answer: early activities have increase lung capacity, reduce pulmonary complications, improve blood circulation and promote wound healing, reduce because of the advantages of lower limb venous blood stasis and thrombosis. There is also a recovery in the function of the bowel and bladder, thereby reducing the occurrence of bloating and urinary retention. Early bed activities should be paid attention to the principle of gradual approach. The main purpose and the most common selection of drugs before anesthesia? A: the main purpose is to eliminate adverse reaction caused by anesthesia and surgery, especially the vagus nerve reflex, inhibition of respiratory and digestive gland secretion, keep breathing unobstructed, to prevent aspiration. Clinical use of sedative, analgesics and antitiptics. What is the maximum amount of medicine for the classification of anesthetic drugs? A.