第一节 小儿结核病特色(国外英文资料).docVIP

第一节 小儿结核病特点 Section 1 characteristics of the childrens tuberculosis First, the characteristics of the epidemic of tuberculosis in children (1) the infection rate and the incidence of tuberculosis of the children infected with the disease are mainly of human type and ox type. Due to the poor immune function of the childrens body, the susceptibility of TB is concentrated in childhood, but infection does not equal illness. Crowd tuberculosis infection rate, refers to the infected with TB bacilli in the crowd but has not the percentage of sick, can generally be positive reaction through OT or PPD test to detect the infection of the crowd. The infection rate increases with age. Only when the bodys immunity is reduced and the number of bacteria and the strength of the bacteria is strong, the disease occurs. The prevalence of TB refers to the percentage of people infected with TB bacillus in the population. In children under 2 to 3 years of age, the infection rate of unplanted BCG is equal to their prevalence. (2) the source of infection and transmission of the disease, mainly for the tuberculosis of adults. Unlike adult TB patients, there is often a clear source of infection, such as family members, child care workers, or a group of patients in the faculty. A child who is close to the bacteria. The incidence and incidence of infection were significantly higher than those of non-contact. Childrens tuberculosis mainly spread through the respiratory tract. TB coughs, mycobacterium tuberculosis with saliva scattered in the air, or do the pathogen of sputum dust float in the sky to float in the air, when inhaled the susceptible to air pollution, under certain conditions, the bacteria can cause infections in the lungs. Second, children can spread through the digestive tract by drinking unpasteurized milk, or sucking the fingers of contaminated TB bacillus. Others, such as the placenta, broken skin or mucous membrane, are rare, but the transmission through the placenta to the a