胸腔积液的检查与诊断(国外英文资料).docVIP

胸腔积液的检查与诊断 Examination and diagnosis of pleural effusion A normal pleural cavity has a small amount of fluid (about 3 ~ 30m1), which lubricates when breathing. Any pathological reasons that causes the liquid or absorption loss, more make the pleural fluid accumulation, namely for pleural effusion, the liquid can be water, blood, chyle or pus. Pleural effusion is a clinical sign that can be caused by a pleural disease or by other organs. 1. The symptoms: The severity of the symptoms depends on the amount of fluid and the rate of growth. Early patients may be asymptomatic, and some of them may be stimulated by the pleural membrane, which can be exacerbated by the presence of a needle-like chest pain, cough, or deep breathing. In the presence of a large number of pleural effluent, the patient can develop qi and chest. 2. The signs Early on, there was no abnormality or mere smell and pleural friction. Pleural effusion typical signs of trachea and heart to the contralateral shift, with lateral thoracic full, limited breathing exercises, tactile language fibrillation is abate, percussion flatness, auscultate breath sounds weaken or disappear. 3. The X-ray: Chest perspective and chest film are effective measures to diagnose pleural effusion, and when the fluid volume exceeds 300ml, the diaphragmatic Angle becomes blunt. The amount of fluid accumulated in the middle and lower lung is a uniformly uniform density, and the upper boundary is low and low. The fluid level is visible with the pleural cavity. It is important to note that the efferent fluid, the fluid between the leaves and the fluid of the lung can be misdiagnosed or misdiagnosed clinically. The encapsulated fluid can be represented as a spherical or block shadow, easily misdiagnosed as a tumor, and the lateral thoracic film can be identified. The interleaf fluid is a double convex lenticular shadow, which is not associated with the lung and the tumor. The fluid in the lung is characterized by the higher and wider