不同梨品种需冷量与南京地区促成栽培扣棚时期的比较研究.pdfVIP

中国农学通报 2013,29(04):94-98 Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 不同梨品种需冷量与南京地区促成栽培 扣棚时期的比较研究 封 雷，马翠云，吴华清，齐开杰，张绍铃 （南京农业大学梨工程技术研究中心，南京210095 ） 摘 要：为了探明适宜在南京地区设施促成栽培中使用的梨品种及其扣棚升温时期，2011—2012 年用犹 他(Utah)模型、0~7.2℃模型、≤7.2℃模型对栽培在南京地区37 个梨品种的需冷量进行了测定。结果表 明：‘爱宕’最低，以犹他模型计算为207 C.U。‘砀山酥’、‘鸭梨’、‘沙01 ’、‘六月酥’、‘早美酥’等需冷量 高。不同梨品种需冷量分布广泛，但主要分布在300~700 C.U 之间。相比而言，南京地区梨需冷量的研 究采用犹他模型为妥。成熟期及其原产地与需冷量无必然的内在联系。南京冬季气候温和，日均温度 波动较小，用于设施促成栽培需冷量小于400 C.U 的早熟及中熟品种可在1 月初覆膜升温；需冷量在 400~700 C.U 之间的早熟品种可在2 月初覆膜升温。 关键词：梨；需冷量；设施栽培；南京 中图分类号：S661.2 文献标志码：A 论文编号：2012-2617 ComparativeStudiesofChillingRequirementandCoveringTimeofForcingCultivation ofDifferentPearCultivarsinNanjing Feng Lei, Ma Cuiyun, Wu Huaqing, Qi Kaijie, Zhang Shaoling (ChinaPearCenterforResearchandDevelopment,NanjingAgriculturalUniversity, Nanjing 210095) Abstract:In order to research suitable pear varieties for forcing cultivation in Nanjing and the proper time for covering, During 2011-2012, the chilling requirement of 37 pear cultivars and varieties growing in Nanjing, model were determined using Utah model, 0-7.2℃model and ≤7.2℃model ,respectively. The results showed that the lowest chilling requirement was ‘Atago ’, which needed 207 C.U tested by Utah model. Relatively, some cultivars such as ‘Tangshansu ’, ‘Yali ’, ‘Sha 01 ’, ‘Liuyuesu ’, ‘Zaomeisu ’had higher chilling requirement. The chilling requirement of different cultivars ranged greatly, but most cultivars ranged 300-700 C.U. It was found that the Utah model was much more suitable to describe the changes of dormant course of pear buds in Nanjing. The maturity and origin of certain cultivars were not related to their chilling requ