河北省赞皇县2015高考英语阅读理解暑假训练1.doc

河北省赞皇县2015高考英语阅读理解（暑假）训练（1） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A study has showed that the brain makes decisions about 10 seconds before a person realizes it. Experts involved in the study said that looking at brain activity while making a decision,　they could predict the choices the subjects would make, before they realized that they had made a decision. Lead researcher John-Dylan Haynes, a neuroscientist (神经学家)at the Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences in Leipzig, said that the new findings called into questions for “consciousness”of decisions that people make, and might even challenge ideas as to how“free”people are to make a decision at a particular moment.　 “We think our decisions are conscious, but these data show that consciousness is just the tip of the iceberg,”Nature magazine quoted (引用) him as saying. Thinking the results“quite dramatic”, Frank Tong of Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee, said that 10 seconds is“a lifetime”in terms of brain activity. During the study, the brains of 14 volunteers were imaged as they performed a decision-making task. The subjects had two buttons before them, each to be operated by a different hand, which they could press when they felt the urge to. They were simultaneously (同时地)shown a stream of letters, which appeared on a screen at half-second intervals (间隔). The volunteers had to remember which letter was showing when they decided to press their button.　 Upon analysis of the data, the researchers realized that the earliest signal they could catch started seven seconds before the volunteers reported having made their decision. Given the delay of a few seconds in the imaging, they reckoned (估计) that the brain activity could have begun about ten seconds before the conscious decision. The researchers showed that the signals were picked up from a region (区域)called the frontopolar cortex (脑额极皮层),　which is located at the front of the brain, immediately behind the forehead.　 W