高中语法----主谓一致.doc

高 中 语 法 ----主谓一致的概述 　 英语中，谓语动词必须和主语的人称和数一致，这就叫主谓一致。主谓一致有三个基本原则：语法形式上一致，语言内容上一致（意义一致），谓语动词和紧挨着位于其前的主语一致（即就近一致）。下面从几个方面对主谓一致进行归纳。 一、如果主语是单数、动词不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）、从句或不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数。复数主语则用复数动词。如： 　　1.He likes bananas. 　　2.To be a scientist is my dream. 　　3.Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. 　　4.Persuading him to join us seems really hard. 　　5.That tom has gone abroad makes us all surprised. 　　6.News comes that his father is going to our school. 　　二、由and构成的词 　　1．主语由and或both…and 连接，谓语动词用复数。但如果and连接的两个词是指同一个人，同一个事物或同一个概念，谓语用单数。如： 　　a cart and horse(一套马车) a knife and fork(一副刀叉) 　　black and white(黑白花色的) coffee and milk（牛奶咖啡） 　　early to bed and early to rise(早起早睡) going to bed early and getting up early(早起早睡) 　　ham and egg（鸡蛋汉堡） how and why（怎样为什么） 　　ink and pen(笔墨) iron and steel（钢铁） 　　law and order（法治/治安’s Day. 　　4.Much has been done to solve the traffic problem. 　　5.When he came back,nothing was the same as before. 七、主语表示一部分，如three-fifths of、one thirds of、twenty percent of、half of、some of、the rest of、most of、a lot of、lots of、a load of、loads of、plenty of、the majority of、all、part of等of后接可数名词时谓语动词用复数，接不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数。 a quantity of + 可数或不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数。 quantities of + 可数或不可数名词作主语时，谓语用复数。 an amount/amounts of+U谓语的选择与quantity一样 a mass/masses of +C/U谓语的选择与quantity一样 a number/numbers of+C谓语用复数 a group of+C谓语用复数 a variety/varieties of +C/U谓语用复数 a world of +U 谓语用单数 a series/species/pile of + 可数名词复数 + 单数谓语 　　 two series/species of + 可数名词复数 + 复数谓语 如： 　　1.Losts of water has been wasted. 　　2.A lot of books have been translated into English since 1980. 　　3.The rest of the workers are still very tired. 　　4.A part of the story is not true.(这一报道有一部分是不真实的) 　　5.A part of the apples are bad.(一部分苹果是坏的) 　　6.Thirty percent of the liquor is alcohol.（这酒含有百分之三十的酒精） 　　7.Ten percent of the homes we