Entailment 语用学.ppt

Contact me Yanling Tang Foreign Studies College Hunan Normal University 36 Lushan Road, Changsha City, Hunan 410081 The People’s Republic of China(CHINA) Cellphone E-mail: 1596604813@ 2 ENTAILMENT Definition of entailment Types of entailment Answers to exercises 2.10 My wife is a mild cat.腼腆的女人 When asked whether his wife could do the job of being a PRO (public relations officer), the husband said, “My wife is a mild cat.” , meaning his wife might not be in a position to do the job. 2.10 Tom is a chicken. 胆小鬼 When asked whether Tom could be a soldier, one of his classmates said, “Tom is a chicken. ”, meaning Tom might not be brave enough to act as a soldier. chicken: (slang) A coward [俚语] 胆怯者 2.10 My uncle is a real cat. When asked about my uncle’s business, I said, “My uncle is a real cat.”, meaning my uncle is really clever at doing business. 2.11 (a) creatures vs. man (b) woman vs. human (c) coroner vs. fatal A coroner is a public officer whose primary function is to investigate by inquest any death thought to be of other than natural causes. 验尸官：主要职责是对被认为是死于非命的死者的死因作验尸调查的公职人员 (d) censorship vs. limitation In censorship， there’s limitation on books, plays, movies, reports especially by government official. (e) sexes vs. poisonous and non- poisonous (f) reiterate vs. over and over again 2.14 1. usually large hard-shelled seed Nuts and seeds are good sources of vitamin E. 坚果和种子是维生素E的良好来源。 2. a small (usually square or hexagonal) metal block with internal screw thread to be fitted onto a bolt If you want to repair the wheels you just undo the four nuts. 如果你要修理轮子，只拧下那4个螺母就行了。 3. a whimsically eccentric person You guys are nuts. 你们这些家伙疯了。 4. someone who is so ardently devoted to something that it resembles an addiction Annie, the girlfriend who was a true baseball nut. …女朋友安妮，一个十足的棒球迷。 5. one of the two male reproductive glands that produce spermatozoa and secrete androgens [Vulgar slang]粗俗用语：复数名词(一对)睾丸 A mans testicles can be referred