医学生物化学简答题 考场必备(国外英文资料).docVIP

医学生物化学简答题 考场必备(国外英文资料) Chapter ten: 1, describe the process of DNA replication. In the role of the topological heterogenase, the DNA double helix is opened to form a local single strand, and the DNA binding protein binds to single stranded DNA, making the single stranded DNA unrecoverable.  The primers identify the starting point of the replication and use four NTP as the raw material, with single stranded DNA as the template, and then make the RNA primer in five to 3 direction.  (3) in the 3 - OH end of the RNA primer, DNA polymerase Ⅲ single-strand DNA as a template catalytic four dNTP, DNA synthesis and 5 3 direction.  (4) under the function of DNA polymerase Ⅰ, hydrolysis to remove RNA primer, continue to extend, and by the enzyme catalytic DNA fragments to fill the gap.  (5) by DNA ligase, connect the adjacent two segments of DNA to form full strands of DNA.  Try to describe the basic laws of DNA replication. A. Semi reserved copy: when copied, the double stranded DNA of the mother chain is unwound into a single strand, each of which serves as a template for the synthesis of new complementary strands. The DNA of the subgeneration cells, one strand of single strand is fully accepted from the parent, and the other single strand is completely resynthesized. Because the bases are complementary, the DNA of the two subcells is identical to the DNA base sequence of the parental strand. This type of replication is called semi-retained replication. B. two-way replication: replication, DNA chain solutions in both directions, from the starting point in the opposite direction from the extension form two replication forks, known as bidirectional replication prokaryotes is a single starting point of the bidirectional replication, eukaryotes is multiple points to begin the bidirectional replication. The two strands of the DNA double helix are antiparallel, and the direction of DNA synthesis is only 5 to 3. In the case of DNA replication, the direction of the synthesis o