2015年职称英语考试综合类阅读真题How we form first impression.pdfVIP

/ How we form first impression 我们是如何形成第一印象的 We all have first impression of someone we just met But why? Why dowe form an opinion about someonewithout really knowing anything about him or her –aside perhaps from a few remarks or readily observable traits? 对刚刚遇到的人我们都会有第一印象，为什么？除去一些描述或显而 易见的特征，我们很可能对他们一无所知，那为什么我们他们形成主 观的看法呢？ The answer isrelated to how your brain allows you to be aware of the world Your brain is so sensitive in picking up facial traits, even very minor difference in a how a person’s eyes, ears, nose, or mouth are placed inrelation to each other make you see him or her as different In fact, your brain continuously processes incoming sensory information – the sights and sounds of your world Theses incoming “signals” arecomparedagainstahostof “memories”stored inthebrain areas called the cortex （大脑皮层）system to determine what these new signals “mean” 这与你的大脑如何感知世界是息息相关的。大脑对面部特征十分敏 感，即使是在眼睛、 耳朵或嘴部的位置的差异也会使大脑察觉到这 / 个人是 “不同的”。实际上，大脑一直在不断地对接收到的感官信息 ——也就是影像和声音——进行处理。大脑将这些 “信号”与储存在 脑皮层系统的大量 “记忆” 相比较，以便确定这些新收到的信号的 “意思”。 Ifyou see someoneyouknow and likeat school,yourbrain says “familiar and safe” “If you see someone new, it says, “new—potentially threatening” Then your brain starts to match featuresof this strangerwith other “known”memories The height, weight, dress, ethnicity, gestures and tone of voice are all matched up The more unfamiliar the characteristics, the more your brain may say, “This is new I don’t like this person ” Or else, “I am intrigued ” Or your brain may perceive a new face but familiar clothes, ethnicity, gestures –like your other friends; so your brain says: “I like this person ” But theses preliminary “impressions” can be dead wrong 如果你在学校看到某个你认识而且喜欢的人，你的大脑会做出 “熟悉 安全”的判断；如果你 看见了一个陌生的人，你的大脑会告诉你 “陌 生，有潜在的威胁”。紧接着你的大脑会开始将这 个陌生人的特征 与 “已知”的记忆进行比较。包括身高、体重、穿着、种族、手势以