材料专业英语 Metallic Materials.pptVIP

Metallic Materials Company name LOGO School of materials science and engineering What are Metals? Alloys：mixtures of metals A substance that has metallic properties and is made up of two or more chemical elements, of which at least one is a metal The percentage composition of alloys can vary The properties of alloys can be manipulated by varying composition ◇new alloys: e.g. Shape memory alloys ◇ Galvanized steel→ steel wires in bicycles ◇ Cadmium alloys→ solar cells History Line of Metals and alloys 1 Ferrous Metals 1 Production of Iron 2 Production of Steel 3 Cast iron alloys Essentially an alloy of iron, carbon, and silicon, is composed of iron and from 2 to 6.67 percent carbon, plus manganese, sulfur, and phosphorus, and shaped by being cast in a mold. Types of cast irons: White cast iron Gray cast iron Alloy cast iron Nodular or ductile cast iron Melleable cast iron 4 Steel : high Wc (generally not more than 1.0%) harder, more wear resistant When Wc↑, the hardness of steel↑, the strength? slowly cooled steels, quickly cooled steels 2 Nonferrous Metals Al and Al alloys Copper and Copper alloys Mg and Mg alloys 3 The Physical and Mechanical Properties of Metals 1 Mechanical Properties Ductility :Ability to deform before breaking Tensile strength :maximum stress in stress-strain diagram Brittleness Stiffness Toughness: measured by an impact test Hardness: local resistance to plastic deformation Rockwell, Brinell, Vickers Fatigue Fracture: Ductile, Brittle Creep strength Malleability 2 Physical Properties 4 The Crystal Structure of Metals Company name