professional English-Outline(学术专业英语写作-大纲部分).pptVIP

For example, the Christian Bible, with adjacent columns in English and Chinese (or any novel using the same presentation) typically uses only 7 lines of Chinese characters in a large type size to translate 10 lines of English in a smaller font size. Deduction: The density of information in Chinese text often requires a few additional words (compared to English) to ensure the meaning is clear. Also, Chinese is a more poetic language than English, so there are more common collocations （搭配）in Chinese than in English. These collocations are considered desirable in Chinese to convey multiple allusions （典故）but are superfluous in English. Deduction: when expressing an idea in English, you need more tense words, articles, etc, (compared to Chinese text) but fewer paired nouns and adjectives, unless these add meaning. Compactness of Chinese text, compared to English (cont’d.) People reading Chinese often move their lips. To ‘hear’ the word, they need to silently ‘vocalise’ it. Reading is slow, because of the density of information on a page – but probably still as quick as for the same text in English. Chinese readers savour the words; English readers want information quickly. 2. Examples of superfluous twin nouns when translating Chinese to English “discussions and deliberations” “skills and abilities” “errors and mistakes” “forecasts and predictions” “steps and measures” 3. Differences in punctuation Chinese printed or handwritten text uses one space per character; characters are usually adjacent (no space between characters). English text must have a space between each word. Punctuation marks -,; : (). – are printed immediately after the last letter of the preceding word (ie, NO SPACE). When will this cause a problem for you? If you are using a Word processor, with input in either Chinese or Latin (English) script, you may forget to switch back to the Latin keyboard. Punctuation marks will then occupy a full space, as though they were a Chinese character: … sci