肾功效不全(习题)(国外英文资料).docVIP

肾功能不全(习题)(国外英文资料) Chapter 16 renal failure Kidney failure means A. the pathological process of incontinence and inuresis. B. causes various diseases of nitrogen The pathological processes of proteins, tubes, red blood cells and white blood cells are present in the urine D. Pathological processes of various renal parenchymal diseases E. because of kidney dysfunction, the metabolic product accumulates, water, electrolyte and acid base balance disorders, and kidney endocrine dysfunction syndrome Which of the following is not the main clinical manifestation of patients with acute renal failure A. hyponatremia B. Water retention c. hyperkalemia D. Nitremia E. Metabolic acidosis The cause of prerenal failure is the cause of the onset of renal failure A. acute nephritis b. kidney thrombosis c. shock D. mercury poisoning e. urinary tract obstruction A disease that is primarily a glomerular lesion A. acute glomerulonephritis b. acute renal tubular necrosis c. acute interstitial nephritis D. Kidney tumor e. kidney stones The disease that is primarily caused by minor tubular damage A. acute glomerulonephritis b. acute renal tubular necrosis c. chronic glomerulonephritis D. acute interstitial nephritis e. renal tuberculosis The cause of renal failure is the cause of renal failure A. acute glomerulonephritis b. mercury poisoning c. acute interstitial nephritis D. Ureteral calculus e. renal tuberculosis The most important mechanism for the onset of acute renal failure is caused by hemorrhagic shock A: decreased blood flow in the kidney and abnormal blood flow in the kidney C. leukocyte rheology changes the D. Renal tubule obstruction E When acute renal failure, the most obvious place to reduce blood flow in the kidney is A. The outer B. Renal cortex c. renal medullary d. kidney The first change in the onset of acute renal failure is caused by crush syndrome A. the blood flow is abnormal in the kidney D. The urine is used to reduce the amount of prostaglandin The criterion for ju