牛津英语M2U1grammar and usage.ppt

1.现在完成时的结构 现在完成时的构成： Have/has + done 2.现在完成时的概念 1）表示过去发生或已完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果； 2） 表示过去已经开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态。 E.g. He has learned English since 2001. I have seen the film. since和for的区别 1. Jim has been in Ireland ______ Monday. 2. Jill has been in Ireland ______ three days. 3. His aunt has lived in Australia ______15 days. 4. Mary is in her office. She has been there ______ 7 oclock. 5. India has been an independent country ______1974. 6. The bus is late. Theyve been waiting ______ 20 minutes. 7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty ______ many years. 8. Mike has been ill ______a long time. He has been in hospital ______ October. 4.比较have been to / in和have gone to 1. Jane has _____ to BeiJing. She will come back tomorrow. A. been B. never been C. went D. gone 2. Hello, this is Mr. Green speaking. Can I speak to Mr. Black? -- Sorry. He ______ the Bainiao Park. A. has been to B. has gone to C. went to D. will go to 3. --____ you ever ____ to the US? -- Yes, twice. A. Have, gone B. Have, been C, Do, go D. were, going 5. 短暂性动词与延续动词在完成时中的用法 练习 判断：他到达车站半个小时了 He has arrived at the station for half an hour( ) 6.现在完成时与一般过去时的比较? 1）一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作； 现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调影响。 2）一般过去时 常与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用; 现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。 现在完成时和现在完成进行时的比较 比较四： 现在完成时可以用持续性动词和短暂性动词作谓语， 而现在完成进行时则只能用持续性动词。 I have done my homework. I have finished my homework. I have been doing my homework. I have been finishing my homework 简而言之： ★短暂性动词 不可以用于现在完成进行时， 只能用于现在完成时 用于现状完成时的时候不接表示一段时间的时间状语 比较五： 现在完成时的句子中可以用像never、yet、already和ever等作时间状语，而现在完成进行时的句子中则不可以用这样的词 I have already been to Beijing. I have never been to Beijing. I haven’t been to Beijing yet. 9. — There is so much snow these days, isnt there? — Yes, it ____ for a few days. A. was snowing B. has been snowing C