砌体结构裂缝产生的原因分析及其控制.docVIP

中国地质大学（武汉）远程与继续教育学院 本科毕业论文（设计） 题 目：砌体结构裂缝产生的原因分析及其摘 要 砌体结构是指由块体和砂浆砌筑而成的墙、 柱作为建筑物主要受力构件的结构。砌体结构在我国应用很广泛，这是因为它可以就地取材，具有很好的耐久性及较好的化学稳定性和大气稳定性，有较好的保温隔热性是整体性较差，抗拉和抗剪强度较低，比较容易产生裂缝近年来随着城市建设的迅猛发展 一些砌体结构在建设和使用的过程中出现了不同程度、不同形式的裂缝。砌体建筑墙体开裂是非常普遍存在的技术问题，由于导致因素的多元性和不定性，问题一直受到人们的关注。在砌体的损伤当中，是普遍存在的，大部分砌体的破坏和倒塌是从处开始扩展的。研究表明，导致砌体建筑的主要原因是由于变形荷载作用引起的，如温度、湿度、材料的收缩和膨胀、地基因素等，也有设计上的疏忽、施工质量、材料不合格及缺乏经验等。砌体结构裂缝ABSTRACT By means of masonry structure of block and mortar and masonry wall, as main stress components of building structure. Masonry structure is widely used in our country, this is because it can obtain raw material locally, with good durability and good chemical stability and atmospheric stability, has good thermal insulation properties. But the overall poor, tensile and shear strength of low, relatively easy to produce cracks. In recent years, with the rapid development of city construction, some masonry structure in the construction and use of the process appeared of different level, different forms of cracks. Masonry building wall crack is a very prevalent due to technical problems, causing factors of diversity and uncertainty, the problem has been paid close attention to. In masonry structure damage, is widespread, most of the destruction and collapse of masonry structure from crack spread. Research shows that, cause of masonry structure crack was the main cause of the deformation caused by the load, such as temperature, humidity, material expansion and contraction, soil factors, there are design negligence, construction quality, material unqualified and lack of experience. Keywords： Masonry structure Cracks in masonry structure Crack analysis Crack control  目录 摘 要 I ABSTRACT II 引言 1 1．裂缝对砌体结构建筑物的危害 1 2．裂缝的类型及其产生的原因分析 1 2.1温度变形裂缝 1 2.2地基沉降差异裂缝 2 2.3干缩裂缝 3 2.4施工因素 3 2.5设计因素 4 3．砌体裂缝控制 4 3.1裂缝控制的原则 5 3.2防止墙体开裂的具体构造措施建议 5 3.2.1温度变化引起墙体开裂的控制 6 3.2.2干缩裂缝的控制 7 3.2.3地基不均匀沉降裂缝的防治措施 7 3.2.4施工方面的控制 8 3.2.5设计角度控制 9 4．出现裂缝后的处理措施 9 4.1嵌缝填补法。 9 4.2在墙体单侧或