英语翻译翻译杂谈.pptVIP

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  • 2017-05-29 发布于北京
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翻译杂谈 2012/2/21 Outline I. Culture-Consciousness II. Translating Strategies III. Translating Methods V. The Difference in Sentential Structure of English and Chinese Languages I. Culture-Consciousness What is culture? 文化是一个复合的整体,其中包括知识、信仰、艺术、道德、法律、风俗以及人作为社会成员而获得的其他的能力与习惯。 --- 爱德华·泰勒《原始文化》(1871) examples: 望子成龙 --- dragon to expect one’s son to become an outstanding personage 怡红公子 the Happy Red Prince (杨) --- Green Boy (Hawks) (3) cry up wine and sell vinegar 挂羊头卖狗肉 ——《英华大词典》 王佐良语录 语言学家、文体学家、文化史家、社会思想家、比较文学家都不能忽视翻译。这不仅是因为翻译者的辛勤劳动才使得一国的文化遗产能为全世界的人所利用,还因为译者所做的文化比较比一般人细致、深入。他处理的是个别的词,他面对的则是两大片文化。 —— 《翻译:思考与试笔 · 翻译中的文化比较》 II. Translating Strategies In an 1813 lecture on the different methods of translation, Friedrich Schleiermacher * argued that “there are only two. Either the translator leaves the author in peace, as much as possible, and moves the reader towards him; or he leaves the reader in peace, as much as possible, and moves the author towards him.” * German theologian and philosopher Admitting that translation can never be completely adequate to the foreign text, Schleiermacher allowed the translator to choose between a domesticating method, an ethnocentric reduction of the foreign text to target language cultural values, bringing the author back home, and a foreignizing method, an ethnodeviant pressure on those values to register the linguistic and cultural difference of the foreign text, sending the reader abroad. (Lawrence Venuti, 1995: 20) ? 动笔之前,就先得解决一个问题:竭力使它归化,还是尽量保存洋气呢?...... 只求易懂,不如创作,或者改作。将事改为中国事,人也化为中国人。如果还是翻译,那么,首先的目的,就在博览外国的作品,不但移情,也要益智,至少是知道何地何时,有这等事,和旅行外国,是很相像的:它必须有异国情调,就是所谓洋气。其实世界上也不会有完全归化的译文,倘有,就是貌合神离,从严辨别起来,它算不得翻译。凡是翻译,必须兼顾着两面,一当然力求其易解,一则保存着原作的丰姿,但这保存,却又常常和易懂相矛盾,看不惯了。不过它原是洋鬼子,当然谁也看不惯,为比较的顺眼起见,只能改换它的衣裳,却不该削低他的鼻子,剜掉他的眼睛。我是不主张削鼻剜眼的,所以有些地方,仍然宁可译得不顺口。

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