病理学复习(国外英文资料).docVIP

病理学复习(国外英文资料) Describe the development of chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and pulmonary heart disease. Chronic bronchitis: Pathogenic factors in the long-term effects - increased bronchial secretion of mucus - ciliated epithelium cells is impaired, the cilia send function weaken, phlegm retention, bronchial lumen obstruction or half block to affect the bronchus, small airway of ventilation and create conditions for bacteria invasion and secondary infection and mucus hypersecretion to increase mucosal epithelial damage, a vicious cycle, delay no more, break out repeatedly Respiratory mucosal epithelial cell disease: The necrosis of epithelium is lost, and the cilia stick, fall, and even lose. Cup cell proliferation Squamous cell metaplasia The bronchowall gland lesion: Hypertrophy, increased, hypersecretion of the mucous gland in the bronchowall. The serous glands develop mucous glands, and even the glands are formed completely by the mucus glands. Other lesions in the bronchowall: Inflammatory hyperemia, edema, inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrous tissue hyperplasia. Emphysema: The pathogenesis of: The bronchial inflammation causes incomplete obstruction. The supports of the bronchioles were destroyed. The function of elastase and the decrease or lack of alpha 1AT Lead to symptoms: The alveolar dilation, the gap narrowed Alveolar wall capillaries are under pressure, and blood vessels are reduced Thickening of the lining of the pulmonary arterial lining. Pulmonary heart disease: Various lung diseases cause pulmonary hypertension Chronic bronchitis: Pulmonary arterial wall inflammation Pulmonary arteriospasm - hypoxemia The capillaries are compressed and the number of blood vessels in the lungs decreases Pulmonary vascular disease, thoracic movement disorder, etc. Can also be the cause The long-term effects of the disease cause the right ventricular hypertrophy of the heart, the weight increase (compensatory), and later the right ventricular dilation (decompensa