多按键状态识别系统设计规划.docVIP

多按键状态识别系统设计 摘要 FPGA是一种可编辑逻辑器件，它具有良好的性能、极高的密度和极大的灵活性，还有丰富的I/O端口，并且它的外围电路十分简单。VHDL是一种用于数字系统的设计和测试的硬件描述语言，能够达到集成电路的高集成度、系统化和低功耗的要求，还可以进行模拟仿真，及时的发现、解决问题。而基于FPGA芯片并采用VHDL汇编语言来实现多按键状态识别，这种方法能够实现多个按键自由操作运行的问题，并且按键的多少可以自由规定，只要在程序中增加几个端口又可以增加许多的按键。 本文首先提出了几种可行的设计方案，将FPGA芯片与单片机之间相互作比较，FPGA相对来说有许多的功能和优点，确定了总体方案的设计。接着介绍了硬件描述语言VHDL和所需要用到的MAX+PLUSⅡ，再介绍了FPGA的设计流程，此次设计的原理，还考虑了FPGA芯片的选择。本文采用两种方法编程设计键盘的识别系统，4×8矩阵式的键盘，总计是12个输入端口，按下按键的数据通过端口行、列线输入到FPGA芯片中，FPGA芯片内部的扫描模块会将数据传送到编码器中进行编码，编码后的数据存储在随机存取存储器FIFO RAM中。外围电路从FIFO RAM中读取数据，经过译码器显示在七段数字显示器，这就会显示一开始按键输入的信息。而单片机MCU也与FPGA的输出端口相连，也会读取存储在FIFO RAM中的数据，并将这个信息应用于与单片机相连接的其他功能模块。 利用VHDL语言进行编程，再用仿真工具MAX+PLUSⅡ进行纠错、修改和仿真，当按键按下时能够识别相应的功能键。正因为FPGA是可擦除式的，有着强大的可再配置设计能力，使用起来简单、方便，现今是越来越流行，越来越受到广泛的应用。 关键词：多按键；FPGA；单片机；仿真 Abstract FPGA is a programmable logic device, it has good performance, high density and great flexibility, but also more I / O ports, and its peripheral circuit is simple and reliable. VHDL is used for digital system design and testing of the hardware description language, to achieve high integration of integrated circuits, systematic, micro-power requirements, and conduct simulation. The use of VHDL-based FPGA chip and multi-button assembly language to achieve status recognition, this method can achieve more freedom of operation keys is operated, and how many keys are free, as long as several ports in the program increased, and increase the number of keys. This paper presents several possible design options, the FPGA chip and the comparison between single chip, FPGA, relatively speaking, many of the features and benefits, to determine the overall program design. Then introduced the hardware description language VHDL and the need to use the MAX + PLUS Ⅱ, and then introduces the FPGA design flow, this design principle, also considered the choice of FPGA chips. In this paper, two methods of identification system programming designed keyboard, 4 × 8 matrix keyboard, a total of 12 input ports, press the button of the data through the por