修辞figures of speech笔记模板.docVIP

Figures of speech simile Definition: Simile is a figure of speech in which two unlike elements having at least one quality or characteristic in common. The two things compared can either be specific objects, human beings, animals as well as two abstract concepts or ideas. The linguistic marker for comparison is “as” or “like”. metaphor Definition: A metaphor, like a simile, also makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but unlike a simile, this comparison is implied rather than stated. Rules to identify a metaphor: analogy personification Definition: Personification is a figure of speech that gives human form or feelings to animals, or life and personal attributes to inanimate objects, or to ideas and abstractions. metonymy: Definition: Metonymy is a figure of speech in which the name of one thing is used to stand for another. This substituted name may be an attribute of that other thing or be closely associated with it. synecdoche： Definition: Both metonymy and synecdoche involve substitution. Metonymy involves substitution of the name of one thing for that of another closely associated with it, whereas synecdoche involves the substitution of the part for the whole, or the whole for the part. paradox: Definition: A paradox is a figure of speech consisting of a statement or proposition which on the face of it seems self-contradictory, absurd or contrary to established fact or practice, but which on further thinking and study may prove to be true, well-founded, and even to contain a succinct point. oxymoron: Definition: An oxymoron is a compressed paradox, formed by the conjoining of two contrasting, contradictory or incongruous terms. It frequently lies in two contrasting elements of various collocations of adjective-noun, adjective-adjective, adverb-adjective, verb-adverb or noun-noun. The two contrasting elements can be antonyms. hyperbole (overstatement): Definition: Hyperbole is the deliberate use of overstatement